“Exploratory experimentation” as a probe into the relation between historiography and philosophy of science

Schickore, Jutta

doi:10.1016/j.shpsa.2015.08.007

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…From early on, analyses of exploration in relation to scientific experimentation recognized the multiplicity of exploratory functions: Where some theorists of exploratory experimentation (e.g., Burian 1997) noted its character as a piecemeal methodology for getting a grip on a phenomenon with the help of a rich and heterogeneous array of experimental methods and tools, others (e.g., Steinle 1997) emphasized its role in "purifying" phenomena, not least by generating new conceptual frameworks and, by extension, specific new forms of knowledge. (On this distinction, see also Schickore 2015). The same holds true for exploratory models and exploratory modeling in science.…”

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confidence: 90%

Exploratory Models and Exploratory Modeling in Science: Introduction

Fisher

Gelfert

Steinle

2021

Perspectives on Science

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That science is more than the unilinear application of general theories to specific empirical circumstances is, one hopes, no longer something that is controversial or requires detailed argument. To be sure, there were times when devising universally applicable theories was seen as the most worthy task of science, with less lofty activities such as experimentation and scientific modeling being relegated to the underbelly of "proper science." Arguing for a pluralistic recognition of the diversity of scientific practices, methods, and goals, might-at least on the pages of this journal-amount to preaching to the converted. Yet, once the diversity and heterogeneity of science is acknowledged, the real work only starts: for, the task of systematizing the manifold ways in which science proceeds when it is not aiming for the testing of theories has continued to elude scholars. Philosophers are perhaps especially challenged in this regard: whereas historians of science and scholars of science and technology studies have been able to fill this lacuna with insightful case studies that demonstrate the richness of science beyond the pursuit of theory, philosophers of science have remained perhaps too wedded to binary distinctions such as the contrast between justification and discovery.Perhaps the most prominent site where scientific activity comes into contact with the world is the experiment, and so it is not surprising that the practice turn within history and philosophy of science also led to the recognition of the significance and autonomy of scientific experimentation. Karl Popper's

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confidence: 90%

Exploratory Models and Exploratory Modeling in Science: Introduction

Fisher

Gelfert

Steinle

2021

Perspectives on Science

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“…Third, exploration can suggest processes responsible for the effect (i.e., mediators) and the contextual factors that strengthen or weaken an effect (i.e., moderators) (Eisenhardt & Graebner, 2007;Feest, 2012). Fourth, when exploration involves sampling from different domains and populations, as is often the case, it can provide data that imply broad generalization of an empirical regularity (Eisenhardt & Graebner, 2007;Schickore, 2016). Finally, exploration is critical for proposing outside-the-box theory (Bansal & Corley, 2011;Colac ßo, 2018;Franklin, 2015).…”

Section: Consequences Of a Flexible Reporting Templatementioning

confidence: 99%

The Benefits of Candidly Reporting Consumer Research

Janiszewski

Osselaer

2021

J Consum Psychol

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Quantitative consumer research papers (i.e., papers relying on experiments, surveys, or secondary data) tend to be written using a deductive reporting template. Articles begin with a review of the literature, hypotheses are deduced from existing theory, experiments test the hypotheses, and results are reported. We contend that this reporting template is inconsistent with how many research projects are actually conducted. Research is often more inductive (i.e., the hypotheses are data-driven) or abductive (i.e., deduced hypotheses are revised owing to data). Given these realities, we propose a reporting template that provides more flexibility. We anticipate that allowing authors to use a more flexible reporting template will (a) encourage more exploration, (b) allow researchers to use exploratory data to help make a case for new constructs, (c) facilitate the development of novel theory, and (d) reduce the incentive to engage in suboptimal research behaviors.

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“…Richard Burian (1997) and Friedrich Steinle (1997) introduced the term "exploratory experimentation" to the history and philosophy of science literature. Although they used the same term to capture distinct facets of scientific practice (Schickore, 2016), both authors challenged a theory-centric characterization of experimentation in science. Since the introduction of the term in the late 1990s, "exploratory experimentation" has been used as a conceptual tool for analyzing various historical and contemporary cases of experimental practices which are not "theory-driven" (Karaca, 2013;Schickore, 2016).…”

Section: Hypothesis Testing and Exploratory Experimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goltz against cerebral localization: Methodology and experimental practices

Gamboa

2020

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in

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“Exploratory experimentation” as a probe into the relation between historiography and philosophy of science

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

Exploratory Models and Exploratory Modeling in Science: Introduction

Exploratory Models and Exploratory Modeling in Science: Introduction

The Benefits of Candidly Reporting Consumer Research

Goltz against cerebral localization: Methodology and experimental practices

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