Exploring 2.5-Year Trajectories of Functional Decline in Older Adults by Applying a Growth Mixture Model and Frequency of Outings as a Predictor: A 2010–2013 JAGES Longitudinal Study

Saito, Junko; Kondo, Naoki; Saito, Masashige; Takagi, Daisuke; Tani, Yasuhiro; Haseda, Maho; Tabuchi, Takahiro; Kondo, Katsunori

doi:10.2188/jea.je20170230

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In an intervention study examining the effect of community salons in Japan, it was reported that the incidence of physical disability risks among participants fell by 51% over 5 years38 and that cognitive disability risks declined by around 30% over 7 years 39. Several trajectory analyses have shown that attending leisure activities is related to ‘functional maintenance,’40 while a low frequency of going outside the home was related to being ‘persistently disabled.’41…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced long-term care cost by social participation among older Japanese adults: a prospective follow-up study in JAGES

et al. 2019

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ObjectivesReducing costs related to functional disabilities and long-term care (LTC) is necessary in ageing societies. We evaluated the differences in the cumulative cost of public LTC insurance (LTCI) services by social participation.DesignProspective observational study.SettingOur baseline survey was conducted in March 2006 among people aged 65 or older who were not eligible for public LTCI benefits and were selected using a complete enumeration in Tokoname City, Japan. We followed up with their LTC services costs over a period of 11 years. Social participation was assessed by the frequency of participation in clubs for hobbies, sports or volunteering. We adopted a classical linear regression analysis and an inverse probability weighting (IPW), with multiple imputation of missing values.ParticipantsFunctionally independent 5377 older adults.Primary outcome measuresThe cumulative cost of public LTCI services for 11 years.ResultsEven when adjusting for the confounding variables, social participation at the baseline was negatively associated with the cumulative cost of LTCI services. The IPW model showed that in respondents who participated in hobby activities once a week or more, the cumulative cost of LTCI services for 11 years was lower, approximately US$3500 per person, in comparison to non-participants. Similarly, that in respondents who participated in sports group or clubs was lower, approximately US$6000 than non-participants.ConclusionsOlder adults’ participation in community organisations may help reduce future LTC costs. Promoting participation opportunities in the community could ensure the financial stability of LTCI services.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced long-term care cost by social participation among older Japanese adults: a prospective follow-up study in JAGES

et al. 2019

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“…In addition, the frequency of going out is another important behavioral aspect of social activity for older adults’ health independent of group participation, which can be a proxy for interactions with society/the neighborhood and physical activities. Previous studies have shown that a low frequency of going out is an important predictive factor for the incidence of physical or cognitive disability, rapid functional decline, and premature mortality among older people (Fujita et al, 2006; Saito et al, 2019). Thus, we also examined the frequency of going out as a proxy for the social activity level.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of community organizing interventions on social activities among older residents in Japan: A JAGES quasi-experimental study

Haseda

Takagi

Kondo

et al. 2019

Social Science & Medicine

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Social activities in the community help older adults maintain functional ability. Community organizing, based on the assessment of health risks, community assets, and fostering intersectoral organizational partnerships, could increase participation opportunities. Supporting municipality staff members in building their capacity to take those actions might benefit them. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of such support remains unclear. This real-world-setting study evaluated the effectiveness of providing support for municipality health sectors in relation to older residents’ social activities.Based on the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES), a nationwide study of community-dwelling older adults, from 2013 to 2016 researchers collaborated with health sector staff members in 13 participating municipalities (intervention group) in utilizing the JAGES-based community assessment data and building organizational partnerships. The remaining 12 municipalities (control) obtained the data only. We analyzed the longitudinal data of 47,106 older residents, performing a difference-in-differences (DID) analysis, weighted by the inverse of propensity to be selected for the intervention group, allowing for a multilevel (municipality/individual) data structure.In the intervention group, the estimated group participation prevalence in men increased by 10.4 percentage points from 47.5% to 57.9%, while in the control group, participation increased by 7.9 percentage points from 47.2% to 55.0% (DID estimated = 0.025, P = 0.011). No statistically significant difference between the two groups was observed among women (P = 0.131).Support for community organizing may improve group participation among older male residents. The community-attributable impact could be large, given that the intervention has the potential to work for all older residents in the municipality.

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“…Several systematic reviews have reported the physical, psychological, and social benefits of social participation among older people as a social determinant of health [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Previous studies involving older Japanese adults have shown that participating in collective activities such as hobbies, sports clubs, or volunteering in the local community lowers the incidence of functional disabilities [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], functional decline [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], and cognitive decline or dementia [ 18 , 19 ]. Employment is also considered to be a form of social participation that confers health benefits because retirement has been shown to worsen both mental health and high-level functional capacity [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Cumulative Long-Term Care Costs by Community Activities and Employment: A Prospective Follow-Up Study of Older Japanese Adults

Saito

Kondo

Aida

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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We evaluated differences in the cumulative benefit costs of public long-term care (LTC) insurance services by employment status and frequency of community activities. A baseline survey was conducted on functionally independent older people from 12 municipalities as a nationwide survey from 2010 to 2011. Employment status was dichotomized, and community activity was assessed based on the frequency of participation in hobbies, sports clubs, or volunteering. We followed the respondents’ LTC service costs over a period of 6 years using public LTC claim records (n = 46,616). We adopted a classical linear regression analysis and an inverse probability weighting estimation with multiple imputation for missing values. Compared with non-participation in each community activity, the cumulative LTC costs among individuals who participated in hobbies or sports group activities at least twice a week were 1.23 (95% confidence interval: 0.73–1.72) to 1.18 (0.68–1.67) thousand USD lower per person over the 6-year period (28.7% to 30.1% lower, respectively). Similarly, the costs for employed persons were 0.55 (0.20–0.90) to 0.64 (0.29–0.99) thousand USD per person lower than among retirees (14.5% to 16.9% lower). Promoting employment opportunities and frequent participation in community activities among older adults may help reduce future LTC costs by around 20% as a result of extending healthy longevity.

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Exploring 2.5-Year Trajectories of Functional Decline in Older Adults by Applying a Growth Mixture Model and Frequency of Outings as a Predictor: A 2010–2013 JAGES Longitudinal Study

Abstract: While the majority of older adults showed a slow functional decline, some showed persistent moderate disability. Providing more opportunities to go out or assistance in that regard may be important for preventing persistent disability, and such needs might be greater among men.

Cited by 29 publications

References 24 publications

Reduced long-term care cost by social participation among older Japanese adults: a prospective follow-up study in JAGES

Reduced long-term care cost by social participation among older Japanese adults: a prospective follow-up study in JAGES

Effectiveness of community organizing interventions on social activities among older residents in Japan: A JAGES quasi-experimental study

Differences in Cumulative Long-Term Care Costs by Community Activities and Employment: A Prospective Follow-Up Study of Older Japanese Adults

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