Exploring and disentangling the production of potentially bioactive phenolic catabolites from dietary (poly)phenols, phenylalanine, tyrosine and catecholamines

Chronic consumption of a bergamot-based beverage does not affect glucose, lipid and inflammatory biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk in healthy subjects: a randomised controlled intervention study

“…This might explain the parallel improvements in weight, BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, and LDL-C also in the BBB and control arms, as well as the impossibility to discriminate the control group and BBB-consuming group based on phenolic acid excretion, with these catabolites having originated from almost all (poly)phenols, other than phenylalanine, tyrosine and catecholamines. 48 Furthermore, the so-called “Hawthorne effect” may have come in play in the control group. This well-described phenomenon refers to a type of reactivity in which individuals modify an aspect of their behaviour in response to their awareness of being observed.…”

Using Targeted Metabolomics to Unravel Phenolic Metabolites of Plant Origin in Animal Milk

“…These metabolites result from the metabolism of a wide variety of different phenolic compounds that occur in multiple dietary sources, including crops and forage [49,50]. They can also be produced endogenously from other substrates, including the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine [51].…”

“…For instance, in a recent study, the most discriminating compounds responsible for distinguishing milk samples based on animal feeding were hippuric acid, hydroxyhippuric acid, enterolactone, and isoflavone metabolites like equol and O-desmethylangolensin [61]. However, the use of hippuric acid in this context might be questionable in view of a recent publication by Clifford et al [51]. In practice, determining the relationships among milk types, sterilization treatments, fat and lactose contents, and phenolic metabolite concentrations, is not straightforward.…”