Exploring antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions among females in an emerging economy

Abstract

PurposeThis paper aims at identifying the antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions among females in India using the theory of planned behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on the Adult Population Survey (APS) of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), which has covered 1,683 female respondents from India. The data has been analysed using simple techniques such as chi-square statistics and logistics regression. The antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions have been identified using the theory of planned behaviour.FindingsAbout 20% of the adult females have reported intention for starting an entrepreneurial venture in the country. A significant relationship emerged between the demographics of females with and without intention towards entrepreneurship. The results showed that there is a positive and significant effect of attitudes towards the behaviour, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control to the entrepreneurial intentions among females.Practical implicationsThis paper provides insights on factors affecting entrepreneurial intention among females and helps in developing a policy framework for promoting new ventures among female entrepreneurs. This also explores the possibility of future research on entrepreneurial intention in the Indian context.Originality/valueConsidering the current focus of the government in India for promoting new ventures, this piece of research can be valuable for different stakeholders in adopting a gender-based approach in implementing inclusive entrepreneurial initiatives.

Determinants of early‐stage entrepreneurship in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Evidence from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Database

“…The determinants of entrepreneurial intention have widely been analyzed using the TPB (Ali et al, 2021; Ali & Jabeen, 2020; Edelman et al, 2010; Garidis & Rossmann, 2019; Gelderen et al, 2008; Kautonen et al, 2013; Zaremohzzabieh et al, 2019; Zhang et al, 2019). Abdullah Alnemer (2021) predated startup intention among females in Saudi Arabia and indicated a significant and positive relationship with SE, CC, employment generation, and social welfare.…”

“…Nishimura and Tristán (2011) predicted nascent entrepreneurial behavior based on the GEM database of Peru using the TPB. Similarly, Ali et al (2021) explored the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention among females in India using the TPB.…”

“…The TPB variables as defined by Ajzen (1991) and validated empirically by several researchers with perceptual scales with 5/7 point‐Likert in understanding entrepreneurial intention (Anwar et al, 2020; Baluku et al, 2020; Choukir et al, 2019; Haus et al, 2013; Kautonen et al, 2013; Kumar & Das, 2019; Robledo et al, 2015; Shi et al, 2020). Several studies have also used GEM database in predicting the entrepreneurial intention based on the cognitive models and TPB using the logistics regression, which allows the explanatory variables to be in any form (Ahmad et al, 2014; Ali et al, 2021; Arafat & Saleem, 2017; Bux & Honglin, 2016; Jeon, 2018; Krueger et al, 2000; Kwong et al, 2009; Liñán, Urbano, et al, 2011; Noguera et al, 2013; Noguera et al, 2015; Tsai et al, 2016; Walker et al, 2013; Yego, 2017). Nishimura and Tristán (2011) predicted nascent entrepreneurial behavior based on the GEM database of Peru using the TPB.…”

“…Nishimura and Tristán (2011) predicted nascent entrepreneurial behavior based on the GEM database of Peru using the TPB. Similarly, Ali et al (2021) explored the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention among females in India using the TPB. Moreover, we have aggregated discrete variables to get the scores of the TPB antecedents such as ATB, perceived subjective norm (PSN), and PBC as depicted in Table 1.…”

“…The motivation of an individual towards an entrepreneurial venture has been widely analyzed across the globe (Ahmad et al, 2014; Ali et al, 2021; Badri & Hachicha, 2019; Elali & Al‐Yacoub, 2016; Ruiz‐Alba et al, 2019; Soomro et al, 2021; Urban & Ratsimanetrimanana, 2019). The entrepreneurial intention is the basic thought process of an individual towards entrepreneurial activity, which is being influenced by one's personal beliefs (Delanoë, 2013; Hwee Nga & Shamuganathan, 2010; Nowiński & Haddoud, 2019).…”