Exploring associations between place of sex work and HIV vulnerabilities among sex workers in Jamaica

Logie, Carmen H.; Wang, Ying; Lalor, Patrick; Williams, Davina; Levermore, Kandasi; Sherman, Susan G.

doi:10.1177/0956462420948408

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…SGBV in war targeting girls/women not only increases HIV exposure, but exacerbates trauma and existing gender inequities [36]. Police violence and criminalisation targeting sex workers in other contexts was associated with constrained access to condom use and increased HIV vulnerabilities [37,38]. A large body of research describes gender-based stigma and discrimination, and its intersection with other stigmatised health concerns such as HIV, and social identities such as sex work, as profound barriers to HIV testing and prevention [27], including with young refugees in Kampala [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of context in shaping HIV testing and prevention engagement among urban refugee and displaced adolescents and youth in Kampala, Uganda: findings from a qualitative study

Logie

Okumu

Musoke³

et al. 2021

Tropical Med Int Health

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objective To explore experiences, preferences and engagement with HIV testing and prevention among urban refugee and displaced adolescents and youth in Kampala, Uganda, with a focus on the role of contextual factors in shaping access and uptake.methods This qualitative community-based study with urban refugee and displaced youth aged 16-24 living in Kampala's informal settlements involved five focus groups (FG), including two with young women, two with young men, and one with sex workers from March to May 2019. We also conducted five in-depth key informant interviews. We conducted thematic analysis informed by Campbell and Cornish's conceptualisation of material and symbolic contexts.results Refugee/displaced youth participants (n = 44; mean age: 20.25, SD: 2.19; men: n = 17; women: n = 27) were from the Democratic Republic of Congo (n = 29), Rwanda (n = 11), Burundi (n = 3) and Sudan (n = 1). Participant narratives reflected material and symbolic contexts that shaped HIV testing awareness, preferences and uptake. Material contextual factors that presented barriers to HIV testing and prevention engagement included transportation costs to clinics, overcrowded living conditions that limited access to private spaces, low literacy and language barriers. Symbolic contexts that constrained HIV testing engagement included medical mistrust of HIV testing and inequitable gender norms. Religion emerged as an opportunity to connect with refugee communities and to address conservative religious positions on HIV and sexual health.conclusion Efforts to increase access and uptake along the HIV testing and prevention cascade can meaningfully engage urban refugee and displaced youth to develop culturally and contextually relevant services to optimise HIV and sexual health outcomes. keywords refugee and internally displaced, HIV testing, HIV self-testing, stigma, Uganda, adolescent and youth Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Good health and well-being, gender equality; universal health coverage Migrant Health Dermatology Working Group (alphabetical order

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of context in shaping HIV testing and prevention engagement among urban refugee and displaced adolescents and youth in Kampala, Uganda: findings from a qualitative study

Logie

Okumu

Musoke³

et al. 2021

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…C. H. Logie и соавт. [13] проанализировали структурные детерминанты ВИЧинфекции для изучения связи между рабочей средой в общественных местах и рисками заражения ВИЧ среди секс-работников на Ямайке, учитывая макроструктурные (преследование со стороны полиции) и внутриличностные (депрессия) пути. Авторы провели моделирование с использованием структурных уравнений, чтобы изучить прямые и косвенные связи между местом секс-работы и серологическим статусом ВИЧ опосредованным преследованием полицией и депрессией.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Syndrome of substance abuse, violence and HIV-infection/AIDS (SAVA) and some related factors among sex workers in 4 cities in Russian Federation

Баринова

Lebedeva

Ladnaya

et al. 2023

VIČ-infekc. immunosupr.

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Introduction. Social determinants of health are often a major topic for syndemic research. This is consistent with the fundamental idea of syndemic conditions that share common social factors and bio-social interactions. One of the earliest syndemies was the reported abuse of psychoactive substances in the United States, the experience of victimization from interpersonal violence and HIV infection (SAVA).The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of SAVA syndrome and its relationship with risk factors for HIV infection in key groups — female sex workers (SW). Materials and methods. The analysis is based on data from a biobehavioral study carried out in 4 cities of the Russian Federation and involving 817 SWs (time-place sampling). The study included a questionnaire survey and determination of HIV status.Results and discussion. The prevalence of SAVA syndemics in the groups of SWs and MSM was relatively low because of relatively low (in comparison with IDUs) prevalence of HIV infection. Full syndemics occurred in 1.27%, [95% CI=0.30–2.24%] female sex workers. Incomplete syndemics (excluding HIV infection from definition) was detected in 7.31%, [95% CI=4.59–10.02%] of SW.SWs who were physically and sexually abused had HIV infection in 16.7% of cases, only physically abused — in 10% of cases, while among those who denied violence against them — only 6.5%.

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“…В тех же 8 субъектах РФ, в которых охват населения обследованием был избыточным и не приводил к пропорциональному росту числа выявленных пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией, существовала настоятельная потребность в оптимизации организационных подходов к проведению ежегодных обследований и активизации мер, направленных на привлечение к добровольному обследованию лиц из ключевых групп повышенного риска заболевания ВИЧ-инфекцией, а также лиц, находившихся с ними в непосредственном контакте [14][15][16][17].…”

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HIV diagnosis in Russia: evaluation of effectiveness and prospects

Tsybikova,

Kotlovskiy,

Fadeeva

et al. 2023

VIČ-infekc. immunosupr.

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Aim. To study the effectiveness of measures aimed at timely diagnosis of HIV infection in Russia and the subjects of the Russian Federation for the period from 2016 to 2022.Materials and methods. Information from Rosstat forms No. 4 and No. 61 for 2016–2022 and data on the population of Russia. To search for correlations between the indicators characterizing the number of persons covered by the survey and the number of identified patients with HIV infection, data from 85 subjects of Russia for 2016–2021 were used. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistica 10.0 program. To work with data from 85 subjects of Russia for the period from 2016 to 2021, the Jupiter Notebook interactive computing environment (6.5.2) was used. The Pandas software library (1.5.3) was used for data processing and analysis, compilation and work with a structured dataset. The statistical function module Scipy (1.9.3) was used to find correlation coefficients by the Pearson, Spearman and t-Kendall method. Scikit-learn (1.0.2) and Statsmodels (0.13.5) software libraries were used to build a trend line and find linear regression coefficients.Results and discussion. In Russia in 2016–2022, there was an annual increase in the proportion of the population covered by a survey aimed at timely diagnosis of HIV infection among the population. However, this did not lead to an increase in the number of identified patients with HIV infection, the proportion of which decreased and in 2022 reached 0.11% among the total number of examined persons (in 2016 — 0.23%). The current situation was caused by a decrease in the incidence of HIV infection in 2017–2022 by 1.5 times — from 52.8 to 34.7 per 100,000 population. As a result, in order to identify one patient with HIV infection, an increasing number of healthy individuals had to be examined, which led to an increase in the economic costs for diagnosing HIV infection in one patient. Among the examined persons there was an extremely low proportion of persons from key risk groups, which averaged 2.3% in 2018–2022, and the proportion of identified patients among them in 2022, on the contrary, reached 24.1% of their total number. As a result, it became necessary to make changes to the existing strategy aimed at expanding the coverage of the Russian population with a survey for the diagnosis of HIV infection. The results of the study showed that the increase in the coverage of the population by the survey was justified only in those 15 subjects of the Russian Federation in which coverage was low and did not correspond to the growth rate of the number of identified patients with HIV infection, which increased the risk of late detection of patients with HIV infection, when they independently applied to medical organizations with clinical manifestations of the disease. In the same 8 subjects of the Russian Federation, in which the survey coverage was excessive and did not lead to a proportional increase in the number of identified patients with HIV infection, there was a need to optimize organizational approaches to conducting annual surveys, and to intensify measures aimed at attracting, first of all, persons from key high-risk groups to voluntary screening HIV infection, as well as persons who were in direct contact with them.Conclusion. In recent years, in Russia, the annual increase in the proportion of the population examined for timely diagnosis of HIV infection has not led to an increase in the proportion of identified patients with HIV infection, especially in those subjects of the Russian Federation in which the incidence of HIV infection was at a low level and did not exceed 20 per 100 thousand population. In these subjects of the Russian Federation, an increase in the coverage of the population by the survey is economically unprofitable due to the multiplying costs of its implementation. An increase in the coverage of the population by the survey is justified only in those regions of the Russian Federation where the high incidence of HIV infection remains, exceeding 50 per 100 thousand population.

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Exploring associations between place of sex work and HIV vulnerabilities among sex workers in Jamaica

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

The role of context in shaping HIV testing and prevention engagement among urban refugee and displaced adolescents and youth in Kampala, Uganda: findings from a qualitative study

The role of context in shaping HIV testing and prevention engagement among urban refugee and displaced adolescents and youth in Kampala, Uganda: findings from a qualitative study

Syndrome of substance abuse, violence and HIV-infection/AIDS (SAVA) and some related factors among sex workers in 4 cities in Russian Federation

HIV diagnosis in Russia: evaluation of effectiveness and prospects

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