Exploring Biodiversity for Cellulosic Biofuel Production

Gowen, Christopher M.; Fong, Stephen S.

doi:10.1002/cbdv.200900314

Cited by 39 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…GH3 enzymes from C. fimi release monosaccharides from plant cell wall polysaccharides. ␤-1,4-Linked xylosides and glucosides are common moieties found in plant cell walls and are of particular importance for biomass conversion for biofuel production (24). The activity with pNP-linked sugars suggested that the four GH3 enzymes may have activity against ␤-1,4-linked xylosides or glucosides.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Five β-Glycoside Hydrolases from Cellulomonas fimi ATCC 484

Gao

Wakarchuk

2014

J Bacteriol

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bThe Gram-positive bacterium Cellulomonas fimi produces a large array of carbohydrate-active enzymes. Analysis of the collection of carbohydrate-active enzymes from the recent genome sequence of C. fimi ATCC 484 shows a large number of uncharacterized genes for glycoside hydrolase (GH) enzymes potentially involved in biomass utilization. To investigate the enzymatic activity of potential ␤-glucosidases in C. fimi, genes encoding several GH3 enzymes and one GH1 enzyme were cloned and recombinant proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli. Biochemical analysis of these proteins revealed that the enzymes exhibited different substrate specificities for para-nitrophenol-linked substrates (pNP), disaccharides, and oligosaccharides. Celf_2726 encoded a bifunctional enzyme with ␤-D-xylopyranosidase and ␣-L-arabinofuranosidase activities, based on pNPlinked substrates (CfXyl3A). Celf_0140 encoded a ␤-D-glucosidase with activity on ␤-1,3-and ␤-1,6-linked glucosyl disaccharides as well as pNP-␤-Glc (CfBgl3A). Celf_0468 encoded a ␤-D-glucosidase with hydrolysis of pNP-␤-Glc and hydrolysis/transglycosylation activities only on ␤-1,6-linked glucosyl disaccharide (CfBgl3B). Celf_3372 encoded a GH3 family member with broad aryl-␤-D-glycosidase substrate specificity. Celf_2783 encoded the GH1 family member (CfBgl1), which was found to hydrolyze pNP-␤-Glc/Fuc/Gal, as well as cellotetraose and cellopentaose. CfBgl1 also had good activity on ␤-1,2-and ␤-1,3-linked disaccharides but had only very weak activity on ␤-1,4/6-linked glucose.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Five β-Glycoside Hydrolases from Cellulomonas fimi ATCC 484

Gao

Wakarchuk

2014

J Bacteriol

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“…In addition, C. cellulolyticum has a sequenced genome (GenBank accession NC_011898.1) and there exist well-established DNA transfer techniques (24) and gene overexpression methods (10) for it. As a potential CBP organism in its own right, C. cellulolyticum can not only utilize cellulose similar to C. thermocellum but also utilize additional sugars freed from hemicellulose degradation, including xylose, arabinose, fructose, galactose, mannose, and ribose (9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Metabolic Engineering of Clostridium cellulolyticum for Production of Isobutanol from Cellulose

Higashide

Yang

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

273

129

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Producing biofuels directly from cellulose, known as consolidated bioprocessing, is believed to reduce costs substantially compared to a process in which cellulose degradation and fermentation to fuel are accomplished in separate steps. Here we present a metabolic engineering example for the development of a Clostridium cellulolyticum strain for isobutanol synthesis directly from cellulose. This strategy exploits the host's natural cellulolytic activity and the amino acid biosynthesis pathway and diverts its 2-keto acid intermediates toward alcohol synthesis. Specifically, we have demonstrated the first production of isobutanol to approximately 660 mg/liter from crystalline cellulose by using this microorganism.

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“…cellulolyticum, as a potential CBP organism, similar to C. thermocellum can utilize cellulose as well as other sugars released from hemicellulose degradation, including xylose, fructose, galactose, arabinose, mannose, and ribose (Gowen and Fong, 2010;Higashide et al, 2011). Recently, investigations have been focused on engineering of these bacteria to enhance their CBP butanol production.…”

Section: Genetic Engineering For Cbp Butanol Production In Clostridiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in consolidated bioprocessing systems for bioethanol and butanol production from biomass: a comprehensive review

2015

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HIGHLIGHTS Various CBP strategies have been discussed. Recently, lignocellulosic biomass as the most abundant renewable resource has been widely considered for bioalcohols production. However, the complex structure of lignocelluloses requires a multi-step process which is costly and time consuming. Although, several bioprocessing approaches have been developed for pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation, bioalcohols production from lignocelluloses is still limited because of the economic infeasibility of these technologies. This cost constraint could be overcome by designing and constructing robust cellulolytic and bioalcohols producing microbes and by using them in a consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) system. This paper comprehensively reviews potentials, recent advances and challenges faced in CBP systems for efficient bioalcohols (ethanol and butanol) production from lignocellulosic and starchy biomass. The CBP strategies include using native single strains with cellulytic and alcohol production activities, microbial co-cultures containing both cellulytic and ethanologenic microorganisms, and genetic engineering of cellulytic microorganisms to be alcohol-producing or alcohol producing microorganisms to be cellulytic. Moreover, high-throughput techniques, such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, next generation sequencing and synthetic biology developed to explore novel microorganisms and powerful enzymes with high activity, thermostability and pH stability are also discussed. Currently, the CBP technology is in its infant stage, and ideal microorganisms and/or conditions at industrial scale are yet to be introduced. So, it is essential to bring into attention all barriers faced and take advantage of all the experiences gained to achieve a high-yield and low-cost CBP process.

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Exploring Biodiversity for Cellulosic Biofuel Production

Cited by 39 publications

References 55 publications

Characterization of Five β-Glycoside Hydrolases from Cellulomonas fimi ATCC 484

Characterization of Five β-Glycoside Hydrolases from Cellulomonas fimi ATCC 484

Metabolic Engineering of Clostridium cellulolyticum for Production of Isobutanol from Cellulose

Advances in consolidated bioprocessing systems for bioethanol and butanol production from biomass: a comprehensive review

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