Exploring burnout and depression of Thai medical students: the psychometric properties of the Maslach burnout inventory

Puranitee, Pongtong; Sae-tang, Siam; Sumrithe, Sutida; Busari, Jamiu O; Mook, Walther N. K. A. van; Heeneman, Sylvia

doi:10.5116/ijme.5dc6.8228

Cited by 20 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It had the greatest direct standardised effect in positively predicting burnout – making it the strongest predictor of burnout in medical students. This finding corresponds to previous studies that showed a significant positive correlation between psychological distress and burnout [ 3 ], a significant negative correlation between psychological wellbeing and burnout [ 58 ], a significant positive correlation between burnout and depression [ 59 – 63 ], a significant correlation between anxiety and burnout [ 63 – 65 ], and the strong association of burnout severity with the prevalence of depression [ 66 ]. These indicate that psychological distress is the major predictor of burnout, highlighting the importance of reducing unnecessary psychological pressures (sources of stress that are not needed to be introduced), thus leading to better psychological health and eventually reducing burnout in medical students [ 67 , 68 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The roles of emotional intelligence, neuroticism, and academic stress on the relationship between psychological distress and burnout in medical students

2021

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Background Stress and burnout commonly threaten the mental health of medical students in Malaysia and elsewhere. This study aimed to explore the interrelations of psychological distress, emotional intelligence, personality traits, academic stress, and burnout among medical students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 241 medical students. Validated questionnaires were administered to measure burnout, psychological distress, emotional intelligence, personality traits, and academic stress, respectively. A structural equation modelling analysis was performed by AMOS. Results The results suggested a structural model with good fit indices, in which psychological distress and academic stress were noted to have direct and indirect effects on burnout. The burnout levels significantly increased with the rise of psychological distress and academic stress. Neuroticism was only found to have significant indirect effects on burnout, whereby burnout increased when neuroticism increased. Emotional intelligence had a significant direct effect on lowering burnout with the incremental increase of emotional intelligence, but it was significantly reduced by psychological distress and neuroticism. Conclusion This study showed significant effects that psychological distress, emotional intelligence, academic stress, and neuroticism have on burnout. Academic stress and neuroticism significantly increased psychological distress, leading to an increased burnout level, while emotional intelligence had a significant direct effect on reducing burnout; however, this relationship was compromised by psychological distress and neuroticism, leading to increased burnout. Several practical recommendations for medical educators, medical students, and medical schools are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The roles of emotional intelligence, neuroticism, and academic stress on the relationship between psychological distress and burnout in medical students

2021

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“…Similar results were found in studies developed in other countries (4,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) , indicating that, despite the cultural differences, the scale has maintained its cross-cultural validity (26) . Normally, indexes have been found between 0.71 and 0.91 for the emotional exhaustion dimension, between 0.69 and 0.87 for personal fulfillment and between 0.42 and 0.64 for depersonalization (3,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Another study, conducted with Australian lawyers, concluded that the five-factor structure better explains the multi-factorial nature of the burnout syndrome (18) . In a study conducted in Thailand with Medicine post-graduate students, identified that the three-factor model obtained values considered acceptable, after data adjustment (23) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confirmatory factorial analysis of the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey in health professionals in emergency services

Pereira

Fornés-Vives²,

Rojas

et al. 2021

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

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Objective: to confirm the factorial validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey version in a sample of health professionals from the emergency services. Method: a quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and analytical study. Two hundred and eighty-two health professionals participated in the study. For data collection, a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were used. The psychometric sensitivity for the MBI-HSS items was estimated by measures of central tendency, variability and the distribution shape. Internal consistency was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the adequacy of the sample was verified using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) index. As indexes for assessing the quality of fit of the model, the chi-square ratio by the degrees of freedom (χ2/DoF), the comparative fit index (CFI), the goodness of fit index (GFI), the Tucker Lewis index (TLI) and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) were considered. To test data fit, the maximum likelihood method was used. Results: the three-factor structure of the Maslach Burnout Inventory was confirmed. Items 9, 12, 15 and 16 had a factorial weight below what was considered appropriate and were removed from the model. The second order hierarchical model with the aforementioned modifications presented an adequate adjustment to the data and can be considered the best and most parsimonious model tested according to the information theory indexes. The internal consistency of the instrument’s factors was recalculated considering the exclusion of the items and the three factors were considered adequate. Conclusion: the results obtained show that the Maslach Burnout Inventory is a reliable and factorially valid instrument for measuring the burnout syndrome in emergency service professionals in Brazil.

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“…Thus, these two psychological conditions increase and decrease in a commensurate manner over time; the observation is supported by a longitudinal study among 3,255 Finnish healthcare professionals [ 34 ]. A consistent finding is reported in Thai medical students [ 29 ], whereas both depression and anxiety in higher burnout syndrome are found in Nepalese medical students [ 28 ]. For this reason, that anxiety is a psychological and physiologic state characterized by cognitive, somatic, emotional, and behavioral components [ 35 ], whereas prolonged anxiety raises the situation of individuals’ less productivity and functioning by mediating psychological distresses [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The prevalence of two-dimensional burnout is also reported to be 43.43% in Bahraini medical students [ 24 ], 35.9% in Brazilian medical internship students [ 25 ], 35.5% in Portugal medical students [ 26 ]; whereas using Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, 48.53% and 48.8% moderate to higher burnout is reported from Nepalese and Indian medical students, respectively [ 27 , 28 ]. Correspondingly, 28.4% three-dimensional burnout is reported in Thailand [ 29 ], whereas it is 10.3% and 25.9% for Brazilian and Portugal samples, respectively [ 25 , 26 ]. As the studies using different tools for assessing burnout with varying schemes of cutoff; thus, the comparison between findings from other studies is limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burnout, does the university entrance test failing attribute? A Bangladeshi exploratory study

Mamun

Safiq²,

Hosen

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Getting admission into a university is highly competitive globally and can be regarded as a mental stressor for some individuals. In Bangladesh, most of the universities allow students to repeat the test, whereas repeat test-taking students are supposed to suffer from psychological issues like burnout because of academic non-achievement in their first attempt. But there is no prior study assessing burnout to the population, which was investigated herein. A cross-sectional study was carried out among a total of 911 Bangladeshi university entrance test-taking students (i.e., 49.5% first-time test-takers). The survey measures included socio-demographics, admission-related issues, and mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and burnout). Of the mental health problems, depression, anxiety, and burnout were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), and Maslach Burnout Inventory—Student Survey (MBI–SS), respectively. In light of two-dimensional and three-dimensional cutoff schemes of the MBI—SS, about 43.7% and 17.3% of the test-taking students, respectively, were classified to be burnout in the total sample. Additionally, 48.1%, 71.4%, and 49.1% of the students in the total sample reported higher emotional exhaustion, higher cynicism, and lower academic efficacy, respectively. In respect to the student status, two-dimensional burnout (48.0% vs. 39.2%; χ2 = 7.164, p = 0.007), and emotional exhaustion (52.2% vs. 43.9%, χ2 = 6.789, p = 0.034) were significantly higher among the repeat test-taking students. Satisfaction with previous mock tests, depression, and anxiety were the associated factors of burnout in all three samples. Based on the present study, it can be concluded that the university entrance test appearing students are highly prevalent to burnout, and the rate increases with academic non-achievement. As the first study assessing burnout to the population, the findings are anticipated to be helpful for policymaking and further studies both inside and outside Bangladesh.

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Exploring burnout and depression of Thai medical students: the psychometric properties of the Maslach burnout inventory

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

The roles of emotional intelligence, neuroticism, and academic stress on the relationship between psychological distress and burnout in medical students

The roles of emotional intelligence, neuroticism, and academic stress on the relationship between psychological distress and burnout in medical students

Confirmatory factorial analysis of the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey in health professionals in emergency services

Burnout, does the university entrance test failing attribute? A Bangladeshi exploratory study

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