Exploring core processes facilitating therapeutic change in Dramatherapy: A grounded theory analysis of published case studies

Cassidy, Susan; turnbull, samantha; Gumley, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.aip.2014.07.003

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Each study that included drama therapy involved therapeutic techniques derived from meta-processes (Cassidy et al, 2014) including the therapist being involved while working in the here and now alongside clients, the establishment of safety through the choice of techniques and clients being offered control and choice to enable them to exercise initiative and creativity. Other core processes, as identified by Jones (2007), included play, dramatic embodiment, dramatic projection, personification, and impersonation (role-play), empathy and distancing, life-drama connection, witnessing, and transformation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The integration of body and mind, or psyche, is a fundamental process of both DMT (Meekums, 2002; Sherwood, 2008) and AT, in which a “bodymind model” is proposed as a key contributor to change on a more meta level (Czamanski-Cohen and Weihs, 2016). In DT, core processes that reflect a holistic approach have been identified (Jones, 2007) along with metaprocesses (Cassidy et al, 2014) such as establishing safety, working in the here and now, being actively involved within or outside of the aesthetic frame, and working alongside the client while offering choice and control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms

et al. 2019

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Depression experienced by older adults is proving an increasing global health burden, with rates generally 7% and as high as 27% in the USA. This is likely to significantly increase in coming years as the number and proportion of older adults in the population rises all around the world. Therefore, it is imperative that the effectiveness of approaches to the prevention and treatment of depression are understood. Creative arts interventions, including art, dance movement, drama, and music modalities, are utilized internationally to target depression and depressive symptoms in older adults. This includes interventions led by trained arts therapists as well as other health and arts professionals. However, to date there has not been a systematic review that reports effects and examines the processes (why) and mechanisms (how) of creative arts interventions are used to address depression in this older age group. This systematic review of studies on creative arts interventions for older adults experiencing depression examined: outcomes of four creative arts modalities (art, dance movement, drama, and music); with particular attention paid to processes documented as contributing to change in each modality; and mechanisms considered to result from these processes. Our analysis of 75 articles (17 art, 13 dance, 4 drama, and 41 music) indicates mostly significant quantitative or positive qualitative findings, particularly for interventions led by creative arts therapists. Mechanisms of change gleaned from the studies that were common across modalities include physical (e.g., increased muscle strength; neurochemical effects, such as endorphin release), intra-personal (e.g., enhanced self-concept, strengthened agency and mastery; processing and communication of emotions), cultural (e.g., creative expression, aesthetic pleasure), cognitive (e.g., stimulation of memory), and social (e.g., increased social skills and connection), that were all considered to contribute to reduced depression and symptoms. Recommendations for future research includes stronger focus on testing of processes and mechanisms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms

et al. 2019

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“…Drama therapists and psychodramatists facilitate change through active engagement with and within dramatic or surplus reality (Cassidy et al, 2014;Orkibi et al, 2014Orkibi et al, , 2017a. Emotional regulation and reflection are facilitated by working at a safe distance within or outside the drama (Cassidy et al, 2017).…”

Section: Specific Factors Of Dt/pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Therapeutic Factors to Mechanisms of Change in the Creative Arts Therapies: A Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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Empirical studies in the creative arts therapies (CATs; i.e., art therapy, dance/movement therapy, drama therapy, music therapy, psychodrama, and poetry/bibliotherapy) have grown rapidly in the last 10 years, documenting their positive impact on a wide range of psychological and physiological outcomes (e.g., stress, trauma, depression, anxiety, and pain). However, it remains unclear how and why the CATs have positive effects, and which therapeutic factors account for these changes. Research that specifically focuses on the therapeutic factors and/or mechanisms of change in CATs is only beginning to emerge. To gain more insight into how and why the CATs influence outcomes, we conducted a scoping review (Nstudies = 67) to pinpoint therapeutic factors specific to each CATs discipline, joint factors of CATs, and more generic common factors across all psychotherapy approaches. This review therefore provides an overview of empirical CATs studies dealing with therapeutic factors and/or mechanisms of change, and a detailed analysis of these therapeutic factors which are grouped into domains. A framework of 19 domains of CATs therapeutic factors is proposed, of which the three domains are composed solely of factors unique to the CATs: “embodiment,” “concretization,” and “symbolism and metaphors.” The terminology used in change process research is clarified, and the implications for future research, clinical practice, and CATs education are discussed.

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“…Previous studies highlighted the positive effects of creative arts therapy specifically on reducing psychological stress [48], having a soothing capacity [16, 49] and establishing a sense of safety [50]. This may in turn have facilitated decreased hyperarousal symptoms and helped regain or develop healthy emotion regulation after experiencing severe stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creative arts in psychotherapy for traumatized children in South Africa: An evaluation study

et al. 2019

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Aim To evaluate the feasibility and effect of a 10-session creative arts in psychotherapy group programme on posttraumatic stress symptoms, behavioural problems, and posttraumatic growth, in children who experienced a traumatic event. Design A multicentre non-randomized controlled trial with a treatment and a control condition conducted in South Africa (4 sites). Methods 125 children aged 7 to 13 years were assigned either to the treatment condition receiving creative arts in psychotherapy or a control condition with a low-level supportive programme without treatment. Attrition rates were 63.4% and in total 47 children completed the programme and questionnaires assessing posttraumatic stress, posttraumatic growth and behaviour problems both at baseline and follow-up; 23 in the treatment group and 24 in the control group. Adjusted mean differences were analysed using ANCOVA with bootstrapping. Results Results showed that both hyperarousal symptoms ( d = 0.61) and avoidance symptoms ( d = 0.41) decreased more in the treatment group compared to the control group. There was no significant effect of the intervention found for reported levels of behavioural problems and posttraumatic growth. Conclusion In spite of severe challenges implementing and executing this pioneering study in underprivileged areas of South Africa, support was found for creative arts in psychotherapy reducing hyperarousal and avoidance symptoms, but not for other symptoms. Valuable lessons were learned on feasibility of implementing this intervention in a developing context.

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Exploring core processes facilitating therapeutic change in Dramatherapy: A grounded theory analysis of published case studies

Cited by 25 publications

References 19 publications

Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms

Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms

From Therapeutic Factors to Mechanisms of Change in the Creative Arts Therapies: A Scoping Review

Creative arts in psychotherapy for traumatized children in South Africa: An evaluation study

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