Exploring edge effects on pollination syndromes in dry forests: implications for conservation strategies

Abstract

Dry forests face significant threats due to human activities, including habitat fragmentation, leading to edge effects that alter microclimatic conditions and species composition. This study evaluates the impact of edge effects on pollination syndromes in a Caatinga dry forest in Brazil. Fieldwork conducted between 2012 and 2013 recorded woody plant species and their pollinators, along with floral traits. Results reveal melittophily as the dominant syndrome, with significant differences in floral traits across syndromes, notably flower colour and shape. Distance from the forest edge did not significantly affect pollinator syndrome richness or abundance, except for a negative relationship with generalist species richness and total abundance. This underscores the importance of considering edge proximity in conservation strategies. The study emphasizes the critical need to incorporate edge dynamics into dry forest management to safeguard ecological functions and services, particularly in maintaining plant–pollinator interactions. Understanding how edge effects influence pollination syndromes is vital for effective conservation, highlighting the importance of continued research into floral responses to edge effects for protecting vulnerable species and habitats in dry forests.