Exploring fennel ( Foeniculum vulgare ): Composition, functional properties, potential health benefits, and safety

Metabolomics study of graphene nuangong acupoint plaster for primary dysmenorrhea

“…Fennel contains volatile oils, organic acids, sterols, and other components that have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial effects. They can reduce the intensity of uterine contractions induced by oxytocin and PGE 2 in dysmenorrhea rats [ 25 , 26 ]. Researchers have found that Cistanche deserticola extracts can improve oxidative stress, DNA damage, cell apoptosis, and inflammatory injury [ 27 , 28 ].…”

TCM “medicine and food homology” in the management of post-COVID disorders

“…In the event that the liver has been implicated post-COVID, Cassia fistula extracts have been shown to decrease ALP, SGOT and SGPT levels, thus improving oxidative stress and hepatic toxicity markers ( 93 ). Similarly, Foeniculum vulgare and its active component trans-anethole have been shown to boost high-density lipoprotein cholesterol catalase activity and thiol content, as well as improve hepatic toxicity indicators, hence lowering liver damage and fibrosis ( 104 ). Furthermore, Torreya nucifera seed oil was demonstrated to lower liver and fat indices, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hence alleviating pathological liver damage induced by a high-fat diet ( 151 ).…”

Identification and expression profiling of microRNAs in leaf tissues of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. under salinity stress

“…), an enduring tropical herb belonging to the Apiaceae (also known as Umbelliferae) family and native to the Mediterranean region, is distinguished by its abundant branches, tender leaves, small yellow flowers, elongated fruits, fragrant scent, and a foliage resembling fine hairs. 12 , 13 Moreover, different parts of fennel plant (e.g., seeds, fruits, and leaves) own remarkable antispasmodic, carminative, diuretic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, among others, 14 due to the presence of several bioactive compounds such as limonene, chlorogenic acid, glycosides of quercetin, rosmarinic acid, estragole, anethole, and kaempferol. 15 …”