Exploring fitness centre consumer loyalty: differences of non-profit and low-cost business models in Spain

Abstract

A number of studies have placed at the forefront variables that predict the loyalty of clients in fitness centres. In fact, no study has analysed the differences between these variables according to business models. The objective of this study was to analyse the relationship between quality, value, satisfaction and the future intentions of clients of public and private low-cost fitness centres and their differences. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1805 fitness centre clients. A confirmatory factor analysis and multi-group analysis was performed to test the difference between two invariance models. The findings indicate a greater weight in facilities and employees of the quality perceived from private low-cost fitness centres and a greater weight in programmes from public fitness centres. Furthermore, the relationship between the variables' overall quality, perceived value, satisfaction and future intentions had a greater influence in private low-cost fitness centres than in public centres.

The role of passion in the quality-value-satisfaction-intentions chain: linear models and the QCA approach for athletes

“…Athletes' satisfaction (AS): Oliver's (1997) scale evaluates athletes' satisfaction through three items with a five-point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). The scale presented adequate psychometric properties in previous studies in a sport context (Calabuig, Crespo, Prado-Gasc o, & N uñez-Pomar, 2014;Garc ıa-Fern andez, G alvez-Ruiz, V elez-Colon, et al, 2018). These adequate psychometric properties hold for this study (a¼.90).…”

“…Although the study of perceived value in the sporting context is more recent, there is already abundant literature that clearly establishes its linear relationship with sports consumer satisfaction (e.g. Cronin et al, 2000;Garc ıa-Fern andez, G alvez-Ruiz, V elez-Colon, Ortega-Guti errez, & Fern andez-Gavira, 2018;Yu et al, 2014) as well as with future behavioural intentions (e.g. Calabuig Prado-Gasc o, Crespo, N uñez-Pomar, & Añ o, 2015;Clemes et al, 2011).…”

“…There is considerable evidence of the relationship between value and satisfaction with future intentions in the services marketing literature (Bolton & Drew, 1991), and additionally, service quality is also becoming an issue of interest to sports management academics because it has proven implications, such as loyalty and involvement, for the future behaviour of spectators and participants (Alexandris, Theodorakis, Kaplanidou, & Papadimitriou, 2017;. See also in 3.2 or 3.3: Garc ıa-Fern andez, G alvez-Ruiz, V elez- Colon, et al, 2018;Lee, Kim, Ko, & Sagas, 2011). Thus, based on the above review of the literature and the relationships mentioned, the following hypotheses are formulated.…”

Analyzing Consumer Loyalty through Service Experience and Service Convenience: Differences between Instructor Fitness Classes and Virtual Fitness Classes

“…This applies in the fitness sector. In particular, characteristics defining low-cost fitness centers include: the ability to operate the entire club with a sole person as the staff; a gym-only proposition; heavy technology and web use; a price point set at a minimum of 50% lower than the industry average; and a facilities design which is very well cared for [3,4]. On the other hand, the so-called boutique fitness centers are those centers that use differentiation strategies [5].…”

Motivational Models in the Formation of a Strategy for the Development of the Fitness Services Industry in the Region

“…The paper [7] considers the global trends in the fitness industry development. The national features of fitness culture in different countries are presented in the publications [8][9][10]. The works [11,12] are devoted to the analysis of the current state and prospects for the development of the Russian fitness services market.…”