“…The positive consumer‐focused outcomes of flow identified in previous studies include consumer entertainment, enjoyment of doing tasks in CMEs and subjective well‐being (e.g., Kim & Hall, 2019; Richard & Habibi, 2016; Wakefield & Whitten, 2006). A few studies have examined the negative outcomes of flow on consumers including consumer addiction (Barnes & Pressey, 2014; Chen et al., 2017; Stavropoulos et al., 2018), pathological and compulsive use (Bridges & Florsheim, 2008; Chen et al., 2017; Johnson et al., 2019; Mazzoni et al., 2017). In the literature, the term pathological or unhealthy use of CMEs describes a set of symptoms including obsessive thoughts about using CMEs, inability to cease using CMEs and overuse of CMEs, which result in mental health problems such as distress, mood‐altering and technostress (Davis, 2001; Johnson et al., 2019).…”