“…Because many off-the-shelf deep networks (e.g., ResNet [4], SeNet [5], and Res2Net [6]) can be applied to the global feature learning of vehicle re-identification via a few simple adjustments, i.e., inserting global average pooling and fully connected layers between off-the-shelf deep networks and loss functions. In the contrary, part feature learning methods [7,8,9,10,11,12] of vehicle re-identification are more complex, which require two steps, i.e., the part region locating step and the part feature extracting step. For both steps, there are a lot of methods [9,10,11,13] have been proposed.…”