Sulfide glasses,
with high room-temperature Li-ion conductivities,
are a promising class of solid-state electrolytes for all-solid-state
batteries. Yet, when in contact with Li metal, our current understanding
of important interfacial phenomena such as electrolyte reduction and
Li-ion transport is still quite limited, especially at the atomic
scale. Here, using first-principles molecular dynamics simulations,
we tackle these open questions head-on and examine key interfacial
properties of Li-argyrodite Li6PS5Cl electrolyte
at bare and coated Li-metal anodes. Specifically, we investigate the
role of the interfacial composition and morphology in a number of
Li-metal surfaces, including surfaces coated with thin films of Li2Sn5, MoS2, LiF, and Li3P.
Our materials models are designed to gain insights into the early
stages of interface formation and structural evolution. In addition,
by employing a novel topological analysis of procrystal electron density
distribution as applied to interfacial solid-state ionics, we thoroughly
assess Li-ion conductivity through the investigated interfaces. Our
results provide evidence of progressive breaking of P–S bonds
in PS4
3– groups and eventual P–P
recombination of intermediate species as the main reaction mechanisms
of Li6PS5Cl reduction by Li metal. We also predict
Li2Sn5 as the most suitable coating to partially
prevent the electrolyte degradation while keeping a relatively low
interfacial resistance. These findings shed light on the interface
chemistry of sulfide-based electrolytes in contact with Li metal and
pave the way for rationalizing further computational and experimental
studies in the field.