Exploring synthesis and applications of green nanoparticles and the role of nanotechnology in wastewater treatment

Nano revolution: pioneering the future of water reclamation with micro-/nano-robots

“…In Fig. 1, it can be seen that materials produced at the micro- and nanoscales that are used to build MNRs tend to possess several essential characteristics, including (i) propulsion: these robots can move independently, either by using chemical fuel or in response to external forces; 33,34 (ii) multifunctionality: they are versatile and capable of performing specific tasks, making them adaptable for various applications; 35,36 (iii) taxis: MNRs can adapt to environmental cues, such as exposure to light (phototaxis), gradients in chemical substances (chemotaxis), or magnetic fields (magnetotaxis); 7,37 (iv) communication: they can communicate with nearby robots, enabling synchronized operations while exchanging vital information; 32 (v) collective behavior: the robots can collaborate and work together in groups, enhancing process efficiency or undertaking complex tasks beyond the capabilities of individual units. 32 MNRs typically range from 10 nm to 100 μm, while nanorobots are smaller, measuring less than 1 μm.…”

Harnessing barley grains for green synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles with antibacterial potential

“…Various physio-chemical methods have been reported, which lead to the quick generation of nanoparticles. Still, most are expensive, resulting in hazardous byproducts and waste generation [ 1 ]. One effective avenue is utilizing biological sources, such as microorganisms and plants, for nanoparticle synthesis, providing an eco-friendly alternative to traditional methods [ 2 ].…”