Exploring the association between whole blood Omega-3 Index, DHA, EPA, DHA, AA and n-6 DPA, and depression and self-esteem in adolescents of lower general secondary education

Wurff, I.S.M. van der; Schacky, Clemens von; Bergeland, Trygve; Leontjevas, Ruslan; Kirschner, Paul A.; Groot, Renate H. M. de

doi:10.1007/s00394-018-1667-4

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Omega-3 index is gaining interest in mental health [54,55,56,57]. In the present study, we have observed that women with an omega-3 index <5% were approximatively five-fold more concerned by postpartum depression than those with values of 5% or above.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Imbalance between Omega-6 and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Early Pregnancy Is Predictive of Postpartum Depression in a Belgian Cohort

et al. 2019

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While studies revealed that the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and their mediators would be able to regulate several biological processes involved into the development of postpartum depression (PPD), evidence from observational studies remains mixed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between maternal erythrocyte n-3 PUFA, measured in early pregnancy, and the risk of PPD. A Belgian cohort of 72 healthy women was screened. Erythrocyte fatty acids were analysed using gas chromatography. PPD was assessed using the Bromley Postnatal Depression Scale by phone interview one year after delivery. We observed a significant negative association between docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels and the risk of postpartum depression in the adjusted model (p = 0.034). Higher n-6/n-3 and arachidonic acid (AA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratios were significantly associated with an increased odds of PPD (p = 0.013 and p = 0.043, respectively). Women with an omega-3 index <5% had a 5-fold increased risk of depressive episode than did those with an omega-3 index ≥5% (OR 5.22 (95%CI 1.24–21.88)). A low n-3 PUFA status, alone and combined with high n-6 PUFA status, in early pregnancy was associated with a greater risk of PPD. Management of maternal n-3 PUFA deficiency can be a simple, safe and cost-effective strategy for the prevention of this major public health issue.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Imbalance between Omega-6 and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Early Pregnancy Is Predictive of Postpartum Depression in a Belgian Cohort

et al. 2019

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“…Consistent with this hypothesis, a prior cross-sectional analysis from the Aldo-DHF trial showed no significant association of exercise training with echocardiographic markers of diastolic function [ 51 ] whereas in the Ex-DHF pilot study, which analyzed the effect of exercise training on LVDF longitudinally, a positive effect of exercise training on diastolic function was reported [ 56 ]. Second, the spread of the O3I detected in the Aldo-DHF cohort might have been insufficient, a phenomenon that was observed earlier in another epidemiologic study [ 57 , 58 ]. At baseline, the average O3I was 5.7 ± 1.7%, with values ranging from 2.19 to 12.11% as depicted in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Omega-3 fatty acid blood levels are inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in HFpEF patients: the Aldo-DHF randomized controlled trial

et al. 2021

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Objectives To evaluate associations of omega-3 fatty acid (O3-FA) blood levels with cardiometabolic risk markers, functional capacity and cardiac function/morphology in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Background O3-FA have been linked to reduced risk for HF and associated phenotypic traits in experimental/clinical studies. Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Aldo-DHF-RCT. From 422 patients, the omega-3-index (O3I = EPA + DHA) was analyzed at baseline in n = 404 using the HS-Omega-3-Index® methodology. Patient characteristics were; 67 ± 8 years, 53% female, NYHA II/III (87/13%), ejection fraction ≥ 50%, E/e′ 7.1 ± 1.5; median NT-proBNP 158 ng/L (IQR 82–298). Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analyses, using sex and age as covariates, were used to describe associations of the O3I with metabolic phenotype, functional capacity, echocardiographic markers for LVDF, and neurohumoral activation at baseline/12 months. Results The O3I was below (< 8%), within (8–11%), and higher (> 11%) than the target range in 374 (93%), 29 (7%), and 1 (0.2%) patients, respectively. Mean O3I was 5.7 ± 1.7%. The O3I was inversely associated with HbA1c (r = − 0.139, p = 0.006), triglycerides-to-HDL-C ratio (r = − 0.12, p = 0.017), triglycerides (r = − 0.117, p = 0.02), non-HDL-C (r = − 0.101, p = 0.044), body-mass-index (r = − 0.149, p = 0.003), waist circumference (r = − 0.121, p = 0.015), waist-to-height ratio (r = − 0.141, p = 0.005), and positively associated with submaximal aerobic capacity (r = 0.113, p = 0.023) and LVEF (r = 0.211, p < 0.001) at baseline. Higher O3I at baseline was predictive of submaximal aerobic capacity (β = 15.614, p < 0,001), maximal aerobic capacity (β = 0.399, p = 0.005) and LVEF (β = 0.698, p = 0.007) at 12 months. Conclusions Higher O3I was associated with a more favorable cardiometabolic risk profile and predictive of higher submaximal/maximal aerobic capacity and lower BMI/truncal adiposity in HFpEF patients. Graphic abstract Omega-3 fatty acid blood levels are inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in HFpEF patients. Higher O3I was associated with a more favorable cardiometabolic risk profile and aerobic capacity (left) but did not correlate with echocardiographic markers for left ventricular diastolic function or neurohumoral activation (right). An O3I-driven intervention trial might be warranted to answer the question whether O3-FA in therapeutic doses (with the target O3I 8–11%) impact on echocardiographic markers for left ventricular diastolic function and neurohumoral activation in patients with HFpEF. This figure contains modified images from Servier Medical Art (https://smart.servier.com) licensed by a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.

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“…On the contrary, no advantage of omega-3 fatty acid monotherapy at maximum dosages of 3.6 g/d was found in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among 51 adolescents (12–19 years) with MDD who were treated for a period of 10 weeks (Gabbay et al, 2018). Also, in a cross-sectional study conducted in the Netherlands among 252 adolescents (13–15 years), no evidence was found for association of DHA and EPA with depression (van der Wurff et al, 2019). However, a small sample size and the weak trial design that led to pre-selection of participants could have possibly led to an absence of any association.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does diet play a role in the prevention and management of depression among adolescents? A narrative review

2021

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Background: Depression is one of the major causes of illness and disability, while suicide is the second leading cause of death amongst adolescents. Although many factors determine the mental health of an individual, diet has been gaining popularity as a key modifiable factor in the prevention and management of depression. Nutritional Psychiatry is an emerging field where researchers suggest that the food we consume influences our mental well-being. Aim: This review aims to explore the significance of diet, nutrient deficiencies, imbalances, and unhealthy dietary patterns in the prevention and management of unipolar depression or major depressive disorder among adolescents. Methods: Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and MEDLINE were searched using keywords such as “mental health,” “depression,” “adolescents,” “diet,” “dietary pattern,” and pertinent articles ( N = 68) were retrieved and reviewed. Results: The Mediterranean and traditional diets rich in complex carbohydrates, omega-3 fatty acids, B-group vitamins and several amino acids have shown negative correlation with the incidence of depression. On the other hand, Western dietary patterns (sweetened beverages, processed/ junk food, and foods rich in saturated fatty acids), along with low consumption of fruits and vegetables have been linked to an increased risk of depression among adolescents. Conclusion: Dietary modification can prove to be a cost-effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of depression among adolescents. Diet and nutrition need to be recognized as key modifiable targets for the prevention of mental disorders and nutritional medicine should be considered as an integral part of psychiatric treatment.

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Exploring the association between whole blood Omega-3 Index, DHA, EPA, DHA, AA and n-6 DPA, and depression and self-esteem in adolescents of lower general secondary education

Cited by 16 publications

References 96 publications

Imbalance between Omega-6 and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Early Pregnancy Is Predictive of Postpartum Depression in a Belgian Cohort

Imbalance between Omega-6 and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Early Pregnancy Is Predictive of Postpartum Depression in a Belgian Cohort

Omega-3 fatty acid blood levels are inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in HFpEF patients: the Aldo-DHF randomized controlled trial

Does diet play a role in the prevention and management of depression among adolescents? A narrative review

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