Exploring the basis of the (uncommon) direct hemolysis caused by phopholipase A2 of Micrurus fulvius venom

Fernández, María Laura; Arce-Bejarano, Ruth; Fernández, Julio M.; Camacho, Luis F.; Gutiérrez, José M.; Kuemmel, Daniel; Fidelio, Gerardo D.; Lomonte, Bruno

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.06.014

Toxicon

2018

DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.06.014

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Exploring the basis of the (uncommon) direct hemolysis caused by phopholipase A2 of Micrurus fulvius venom

María Laura Fernández

Ruth Arce-Bejarano

Julio M. Fernández

et al.

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2022

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“…For example, the neurotoxic polypeptide α-bungarotoxin found in the venom of Bungarus multicintictus acts by blocking the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, resulting in paralysis. 11 Phospholipase A2 (PLA 2 ), found in the venom of several snake species, exerts myotoxic, 12 neurotoxic, 13 hemolytic, 14 and pro-inflammatory 15 animal poisons and venoms, are a viable source of pharmacological agents and lead to the design of novel therapeutic compounds. 16 Humans and other aerobic organisms produce reactive species (RS) as products of their oxygen-dependent mode of life.…”

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Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects of the First Tryptophyllin Found in Snake Venom (Bothrops moojeni)

et al. 2022

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In this study, we report the isolation, characterization, and synthesis of the peptide BmT-2 belonging to the tryptophyllins family, isolated from the venom of the snake Bothrops moojeni. This is the first time a tryptophyllin is identified in snake venom. We tested whether BmT-2 had cytotoxic effects and antioxidant activity in a set of experiments that included both in vitro and cell-based assays. BmT-2 presented a radical scavenging activity toward ABTS• and AAPH-derived radicals. BmT-2 protected fluorescein, DNA molecules, and human red blood cells (RBCs) from free radicals generated by the thermal decomposition of AAPH. The novel tryptophyllin was not toxic in cell viability tests, where it (up to 0.4 mg/mL) did not cause hemolysis of human RBCs and did not cause significant loss of cell viability, showing a CC50 > 1.5 mM for cytotoxic effects against SK-N-BE(2) neuroblastoma cells. BmT-2 prevented the arsenite-induced upregulation of Nrf2 in Neuro-2a neuroblasts and the phorbol myristate acetate-induced overgeneration of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in SK-N-BE(2) neuroblastoma cells. Electronic structure calculations and full atomistic reactive molecular dynamics simulations revealed the relevant contribution of aromatic residues in BmT-2 to its antioxidant properties. Our study presents a novel peptide classified into the family of the tryptophyllins, which has been reported exclusively in amphibians. Despite the promising results on its antioxidant activity and low cytotoxicity, the mechanisms of action of BmT-2 still need to be further elucidated.

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confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects of the First Tryptophyllin Found in Snake Venom (Bothrops moojeni)

et al. 2022

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Exploring the basis of the (uncommon) direct hemolysis caused by phopholipase A2 of Micrurus fulvius venom

Cited by 1 publication

References 0 publications

Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects of the First Tryptophyllin Found in Snake Venom (Bothrops moojeni)

Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects of the First Tryptophyllin Found in Snake Venom (Bothrops moojeni)

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