Exploring the clinical utility of angioinvasion markers in papillary thyroid cancer: a literature review

Abstract

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer, and angioinvasion, the invasion of blood vessels by cancer cells, is a crucial pathological feature associated with disease progression and poor prognosis. Thus, a comprehensive search of scientific databases was conducted to identify relevant studies investigating angioinvasion markers in PTC. The selected studies were reviewed and analyzed to assess the clinical significance and potential utility of these markers in predicting angioinvasion and guiding treatment decisions. Numerous studies have investigated various markers associated with angioinvasion in PTC, including oxidative stress, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and other angiogenic factors. The results indicate that increased expression of these markers is correlated with the presence and extent of angioinvasion in PTC. Moreover, some studies suggest that these markers can serve as prognostic indicators and guide therapeutic strategies, such as selecting patients for more aggressive treatment approaches or targeted therapies. The findings from the reviewed literature highlight the potential clinical utility of angioinvasion markers in PTC. The identification and validation of reliable markers can aid in assessing the risk of angioinvasion, predicting disease progression, and optimizing treatment decisions for patients with PTC. However, further research and validation on larger patient cohorts are necessary to establish the robustness and generalizability of these markers in clinical practice.

Exploring the clinical utility of DPP-IV and SGLT2 inhibitors in papillary thyroid cancer: a literature review

“…The findings indicated that older age, larger tumor size, the presence of lymph node metastasis, and extrathyroidal extension were correlated with a less favorable prognosis, whereas the presence of distant metastasis signified a notably worse outcome. This study provided valuable insights into prognostic factors, including the measurement of angioinvasion, which can aid in predicting the outcomes of patients diagnosed with well-differentiated follicular-derived carcinoma, specifically PTC ( Baloch and LiVolsi, 2001 ; Buczyńska et al, 2023b ; Buczyńska et al, 2023c ). In light of the above findings, there is a need to continue exploring new, minimally invasive therapeutic approaches that will be well-tolerated within the PTC patient population.…”