Exploring the cognitive demands required for young adults to adjust online obstacle avoidance strategies

Pitman, Jenna; Sutherland, Keara; Vallis, Lori Ann

doi:10.1007/s00221-020-06006-3

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In the simple task, the word “Cat” (or “Chat” in French) was presented in a high or low pitch while in the complex task, the words “High” or “Low” (“Haut” and “Bas” respectively in French) were presented in a high or low pitch (i.e., an Auditory Stroop Task). The Auditory Stroop or “High-Low” task is considered to be a more intricate task than the simple pitch discrimination task, especially when the trial presents an incongruent condition (e.g., word ‘high’ in low pitch), as greater attention and inhibition is required to correctly identify the pitch without being influenced by the meaning of the word [ 63 ]. The intensity of the sound stimulus was set to 70 dB, a level that was considered enough and comfortable based on a study associating TBI severity with audiometric measures [ 64 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

de Aquino Costa Sousa,

Gagnon,

et al. 2024

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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Background Individuals with a moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (m/sTBI), despite experiencing good locomotor recovery six months post-injury, face challenges in adapting their locomotion to the environment. They also present with altered cognitive functions, which may impact dual-task walking abilities. Whether they present collision avoidance strategies with moving pedestrians that are altered under dual-task conditions, however, remains unclear. This study aimed to compare between individuals with m/sTBI and age-matched control individuals: (1), the locomotor and cognitive costs associated with the concurrent performance of circumventing approaching virtual pedestrians (VRPs) while attending to an auditory-based cognitive task and; (2) gaze behaviour associated with the VRP circumvention task in single and dual-task conditions. Methodology Twelve individuals with m/sTBI (age = 43.3 ± 9.5 yrs; >6 mo. post injury) and 12 healthy controls (CTLs) (age = 41.8 ± 8.3 yrs) were assessed while walking in a virtual subway station viewed in a head-mounted display. They performed a collision avoidance task with VRPs, as well as auditory-based cognitive tasks (pitch discrimination and auditory Stroop), both under single and dual-task conditions. Dual-task cost (DTC) for onset distance of trajectory deviation, minimum distance from the VRP, maximum lateral deviation, walking speed, gaze fixations and cognitive task accuracy were contrasted between groups using generalized estimating equations. Results In contrast to CTLs who showed locomotor DTCs only, individuals with m/sTBI displayed both locomotor and cognitive DTCs. While both groups walked slower under dual-task conditions, only individuals with m/sTBI failed to modify their onset distance of trajectory deviation and maintained smaller minimum distances and smaller maximum lateral deviation compared to single-task walking. Both groups showed shorter gaze fixations on the approaching VRP under dual-task conditions, but this reduction was less pronounced in the individuals with m/sTBI. A reduction in cognitive task accuracy under dual-task conditions was found in the m/sTBI group only. Conclusion Individuals with m/sTBI present altered locomotor and gaze behaviours, as well as altered cognitive performances, when executing a collision avoidance task involving moving pedestrians in dual-task conditions. Potential mechanisms explaining those alterations are discussed. Present findings highlight the compromised complex walking abilities in individuals with m/sTBI who otherwise present a good locomotor recovery.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

de Aquino Costa Sousa,

Gagnon,

et al. 2024

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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“…The congruent or incongruent auditory Stroop test is a frequently used auditory cognitive task with young adults [ 5 , 8 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Here, the participants must recognize the pitch (high or low) of the words being said.…”

Section: Secondary Cognitive Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to the visual Stroop test, the auditory test requires greater cognitive processing and inhibitory attention. With auditory-based tasks, reduced obstacle crossing swing velocities, higher stiffness of the crossing limb, and higher toe-clearance heights are reported [ 5 , 8 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Auditory-based cognitive tasks are a better method to assess capacity interference as opposed to the structural interference assessed by vision-based tasks.…”

Section: Secondary Cognitive Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Pitman et al (2021), a visuomotor task was conducted, which takes away a significant portion of the vision. Further, having to respond verbally can be considered as an additional verbal task, e.g., verbally respond to the visual Stroop test [ 13 , 14 ], or the auditory Stroop test [ 5 , 8 , 19 , 20 , 22 ], or a VAT [ 14 , 15 ]. Therefore, performing a control trial with no secondary tasks, and further DT trails with standardized and normalized intrinsic (human) factors and external (environmental) factors to understand the impact of the secondary DT task on the task of interest must be encouraged.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Suggestionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dual Tasking during Trip Recovery and Obstacle Clearance among Young, Healthy Adults in Human Factors Research

Arachchige

Chander

Knight

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Trip-induced falls are extremely common in ergonomic settings. Such situations can lead to fatal or non-fatal injuries, affecting the workers’ quality of life and earning capacity. Dual tasking (DT) is a leading cause of trips and ineffective obstacle clearance among workers. DT increases their attentional demand, challenging both postural control and concurrent secondary tasks. As the human brain has limited attentional processing capacity, even young, healthy adults need to prioritize duties during DT. This article aimed to analyze these secondary task types and their applications in recent trip-related studies conducted on young, healthy adults. An extensive review of the recent trip-related literature was performed to provide a condensed summary of the dual tasks used. In previous trip-related literature, distinct types of secondary tasks were used. The choice of the concurrent task must be made vigilantly depending on the occupation, environmental context, available resources, and feasibility. DT can be used as a tool to train workers on selective attention, which is a lifesaving skill in ergonomic settings, especially in the occupations of roofers, construction workers, or truck drivers. Such training can result in successful obstacle clearance and trip recovery skills, which eventually minimizes the number of falls at the workplace.

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Presentation of multiple task instructional sets impacts auditory Stroop performance during dual task locomotion

Pitman,

Kissack,

Vallis

2024

Exp Brain Res

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Exploring the cognitive demands required for young adults to adjust online obstacle avoidance strategies

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Dual Tasking during Trip Recovery and Obstacle Clearance among Young, Healthy Adults in Human Factors Research

Presentation of multiple task instructional sets impacts auditory Stroop performance during dual task locomotion

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