Exploring the depths of second language processing with eye tracking: An introduction

Godfroid, Aline; Winke, Paula; Conklin, Kathy

doi:10.1177/0267658320922578

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Researchers use method triangulation in qualitative case studies. Method triangulation occurs when the researcher leverages multiple data sources to explore the phenomenon under study [41][42][43][44][45]. The use of various sources allows the researcher to obtain sufficient data points.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Developing Trust in Virtual Project Teams

Ritter

Williams

Simmons

2021

IJBMR

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Organizational leaders often fail to use the trust building strategies necessary for the successful implementation of virtual project teams (VPTs). Grounded in Meyerson et al.’s swift trust theory, the purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies project team leaders (PTLs) and project management office leaders in charitable nonprofit organizations leverage to effectively develop trust in VPTs. The participants were six PTLs and project management office leaders from a charitable nonprofit organization in the Washington, DC metropolitan area. Data were collected through semi structured interviews and a review of the organizational documentation. Data analysis occurred through a thematic approach. The major themes emerging from the study were trust, leadership, communication, and technology. A key recommendation is for leaders to create an environment conducive to effective communication and the right technology to facilitate the collaboration and work efforts of the team. The implications for positive social change include the potential for nonprofit organizations to effectively utilize VPTs in support of humanitarian and disaster relief projects for the benefit of people and communities around the world.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Developing Trust in Virtual Project Teams

Ritter

Williams

Simmons

2021

IJBMR

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“…and Study 3 (modified FL processing in children) employed the self-paced reading technique to collect data. This research method might be considered to be less sensitive than eyetracking (e.g., Godfroid et al, 2020;Rayner, 1998). Despite this, the current thesis is still the first in the literature to explore modified FL processing and confirm the processing advantage for modified FL in children and L2 learners.…”

Section: Limitations Future Directions and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Third, compared with other research methods, eye-tracking enables researchers to investigate more nuanced differences between experimental conditions and depict the reading pattern in a more fine-grained way (e.g., Godfroid, Winke, & Conklin, 2020).…”

Section: Why I Chose Eye-trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, eye-tracking can be used to triangulate with other behavioural (e.g, self-paced reading) and neurolinguistic techniques (e.g., EEG) for more valid and complete data interpretation (e.g., Siyanova-Chanturia, 2013;Godfroid et al, 2020).…”

Section: Why I Chose Eye-trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these methods, self-paced reading and eye-tracking have been frequently used in FL reading research (e.g., Conklin, Pellicer-Sánchez, & Carrol, 2018;Godfroid, Winke, & Conklin, 2020;Just, Carpenter, & Woolley, 1982;Marsden, Thompson, & Plonsky, 2018;Rayner, 1998). In this chapter, I will introduce these two methods and explain why they have been chosen for the current investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Does Modification Affect the Processing of Formulaic Language? Evidence from L1 and L2 Speakers of Chinese

Shang¹

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It has been well documented that formulaic language (FL) – strings of language above the word level in most cases, such as binomials, collocations, n-grams, idioms – enjoys a processing advantage over novel language (e.g., Arnon & Snider, 2010; Carrol & Conklin, 2020; Hallin & Van Lancker Sidtis, 2017; Siyanova-Chanturia, Conklin, & Schmitt, 2011a; Siyanova-Chanturia, Conklin, & van Heuven, 2011b; Tremblay, Derwing, Libben, & Westbury, 2011). The majority of these studies focused on formulaic sequences (FSs) in their original form. In natural language use, however, many FSs are modified with words intervening in-between the individual constituents (e.g., provide information → provide some of the information, see Vilkaitė, 2016a). Whether or not the processing advantage can be extended to modified FSs remains poorly investigated. In this thesis, three reading studies were conducted to address this gap from the perspective of Chinese FL processing, in which the influence of phrase frequency, modification degree, age, and L2 proficiency, were explored and discussed in detail. Study 1 recorded the eye movements of L1 Chinese adults when reading sentences embedded with frequent collocations and infrequent controls. The results suggested a significant processing advantage for collocations over relative controls. Critically, the processing advantage for collocations in their original form extended to their short- (with two Chinese characters inserted in the middle of the phrase) and long-insertion forms (with four Chinese characters inserted in the middle of the phrase). The processing advantage was largely observed in the whole phrase in the late processing stage. Study 2 and Study 3 borrowed the materials from Study 1 and applied them in a self-paced reading experiment with L2 Chinese learners from Japan and Thailand of different language proficiencies, and L1 Chinese children at Grades Three and Six, respectively. The results of Study 2 revealed a significant processing advantage for collocations over respective controls in L2 learners. More crucially, the processing advantage for L2 collocations persisted in their short- and long-insertion forms. L2 proficiency and L1 background were also found to play a role in L2 FS processing. The results of Study 3 suggested a significant processing advantage for collocations over respective controls in L1 children. More importantly, the processing advantage for collocations remained in their short- and long-insertion forms in sixth graders; and remained in their short-insertion form in third graders. Furthermore, age was found to play a role in FS processing in children. Contributions to the current literature and methodologies are discussed at the end of the thesis.

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Speech and Eye Tracking Features for L2 Acquisition: A Multimodal Experiment

Kobylyanskaya

2022

Artificial Intelligence in Education. Posters and Late Breaking Results, Workshops and Tutorials, Industry and Innovation Track

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Spoken language variation analysis is increasingly considered in multimodal settings combining knowledge from computer, human and social sciences. This work focuses on second language (L2) acquisition via the study of linguistic variation combined with eye-tracking measures. Its goal is to model L2 pronunciation, to understand and to predict through AI techniques the related metacognitive information concerning reading strategies, text comprehension and L2 level. We present an experimental protocol involving a reading aloud setup, as well as first data collection to gather L2 speech with associated eye-tracking measures.

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Exploring the depths of second language processing with eye tracking: An introduction

Cited by 17 publications

References 47 publications

Strategies for Developing Trust in Virtual Project Teams

Strategies for Developing Trust in Virtual Project Teams

How Does Modification Affect the Processing of Formulaic Language? Evidence from L1 and L2 Speakers of Chinese

Speech and Eye Tracking Features for L2 Acquisition: A Multimodal Experiment

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