2011
DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02572k
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Exploring the energy landscape of a molecular engineered analog of a tumor-homing peptide

Abstract: Recently a new non-coded amino acid was designed as a replacement for Arg, to protect the tumor-homing pentapeptide CREKA (Cys-Arg-Glu-Lys-Ala) from proteases. This constrained Arg analog, denoted c(5)Arg, was engineered to also promote the stability of the CREKA bioactive conformation. The conformational profile of the CREKA analog obtained by replacing Arg by c(5)Arg has been extensively investigated in this work. Two molecular dynamics simulations-based strategies have been employed: a modified simulated an… Show more

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Cited by 8 publications
(10 citation statements)
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“…REMD is a technique used to enhance sampling relative to standard MD simulations by allowing systems of similar potential energies to sample conformations at different temperatures. By applying this procedure, energy barriers on the potential energy surface can be overcome, allowing exploration of different regions of the conformational space . The system, the number of replicas, the range of temperature space, and the distribution of temperatures determine the average exchange probability between each replica.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…REMD is a technique used to enhance sampling relative to standard MD simulations by allowing systems of similar potential energies to sample conformations at different temperatures. By applying this procedure, energy barriers on the potential energy surface can be overcome, allowing exploration of different regions of the conformational space . The system, the number of replicas, the range of temperature space, and the distribution of temperatures determine the average exchange probability between each replica.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…By applying this procedure, energy barriers on the potential energy surface can be overcome, allowing exploration of different regions of the conformational space. 41 The system, number of replicas, range of temperature space and the distribution of temperatures determine the average exchange probability between each replica. A total of 32 replicas were exponentially distributed from temperatures of 250.0 K up to 380.0 K. Simulations were run in the Barcelona Supercomputer Center's (BSC's) Minotauro GPU cluster using a total amount of 32 GPUs (one per temperature).…”
Section: Replica Exchange Molecular Dynamics Protocolmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A special force field parametrization was obtained for R-PLA to better depict the behavior of the ester linkage. 29 Simulations were made in an orthorhombic box of 201 × 143 × 196 Å and 197 × 147 × 197 Å for Neuro and Vas, respectively. The water molecules were represented explicitly and the total number of atoms was 557 943 and 518 550 for the Neuro and Vas conjugates, respectively.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We have chosen an SA protocol for the conformational exploration of the free peptides since this method has proven useful for conformational exploration of peptides in solution . These advantages include the ability of the method to overcome high potential energy barriers and to proficiently explore flat potential energy surfaces compared to plain molecular dynamics (MD) due to its high dependence on the initial geometry . To explore the long-term stability of the lowest energy structures found in the clustering at room temperature (298 K), 20 ns of NVT-MD simulations were later performed by using the 4 lowest energy structures of Neuro and Vas (see Figure ) as starting structures.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All these criteria were found to be successful for the identification of bioactive clusters in linear peptides. [63][64][65] Table 3 summarizes the main results of the clustering analysis while details about the existing interactions are provided in Table S1 (ESI †).…”
Section: Fourier Transform Infrared (Ftir) Studymentioning
confidence: 99%