Exploring the Functional Properties of Sodium Phytate Doped Polyaniline Nanofibers Modified FTO Electrodes for High-Performance Binder Free Symmetric Supercapacitors

Abstract

The performance of high-rate supercapacitors requires fine morphological and electrical properties of the electrode. Polyaniline (PANI), as one of the most promising materials for energy storage, shows different behaviour on different substrates. The present study reports on the surface modification of fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) with the sodium phytate doped PANI without any binder and its utilization as a novel current collector in symmetric supercapacitor devices. The electrochemical behaviour of the sodium phytate doped PANI thin film with and without a binder on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) as current collector was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The electrode without a binder showed higher electrocatalytic efficiency. A symmetrical cell configuration was therefore constructed with the binder-free electrodes. The device showed excellent electrochemical performance with high specific capacities of 550 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1 and 355 Fg−1 at 40 Ag−1 calculated from galvanostatic discharge curves. The low charge transfer and solution resistances (RCT and RS) of 7.86 Ωcm² and 3.58 × 10−1 Ωcm², respectively, and superior rate capability of 66.9% over a wide current density range of 1 Ag−1 to 40 Ag−1 and excellent cycling stability with 90% of the original capacity over 1000 charge/discharge cycles at 40 Ag−1, indicated it to be an efficient energy storage device. Moreover, the gravimetric energy and power density of the supercapacitor was remarkably high, providing 73.8 Whkg−1 at 500 Wkg−1, respectively. The gravimetric energy density remained stable as the power density increased. It even reached up to 49.4 Whkg−1 at a power density of up to 20 Wkg−1.

Development, Investigation, and Comparative Study of the Effects of Various Metal Oxides on Optical Electrochemical Properties Using a Doped PANI Matrix

“…All samples exhibited a nearly rectangular shape with two sets of distinct redox activities, as indicated by the two pairs of anodic and cathodic current peaks [44]. This shape is characteristic for supercapacitors and the typical Faradaic energy storage mechanism of PANI, which has been reported several times in the literature [8]. Furthermore, the anodic…”

“…All samples exhibited a nearly rectangular shape with two sets of distinct redox activities, as indicated by the two pairs of anodic and cathodic current peaks [ 44 ]. This shape is characteristic for supercapacitors and the typical Faradaic energy storage mechanism of PANI, which has been reported several times in the literature [ 8 ]. Furthermore, the anodic and cathodic peaks of PANI@Al 2 O 3 were observed to be symmetrical, reflecting superior reversibility of the relevant redox reactions, and that most of the energy is stored by Faradic reactions [ 45 ], with the first peaks occurring at 0.48 V/0.32 V ( Table 2 ), resulting in a potential peak separation (∆ E p ) close to 160 mV.…”

“…Among them, polyaniline (PANI) is a conducting polymer that has received considerable attention in the industry due to its environmental and thermal stability [4][5][6]. Moreover, due to its properties such as high conductivity, broad absorbance, simple synthesis, ease of coupling with metal ions, porous morphology structure, and environmental stability, PANI can be used in numerous applications such as supercapacitors, electrochromic devices, sensors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and anti-corrosion coatings [7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Potentiodynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Polyaniline-Modified Pencil Graphite Electrodes for Selective Detection of Biochemical Trace Elements

“…The structure of CPs includes a conjugated backbone with alternated single and double comprise π-bonds in which unpaired electrons are able to move freely [ 19 ]. Due to the extended π-conjugated backbone structure in CPs as well as the ability to form stable polarons, they are considered as great candidates for supercapacitors [ 20 , 21 ], energy storage [ 22 ], and as the sensing layer [ 23 ], particularly for metal ion detection [ 24 ].…”

A Negative Index Nonagonal CSRR Metamaterial-Based Compact Flexible Planar Monopole Antenna for Ultrawideband Applications Using Viscose-Wool Felt

“…Other than dielectric polymers, extensive research has been conducted on conductive polymers. They are explored for various applications such as solar energy harvesting [ 3 ], tissue engineering [ 4 ], supercapacitor design [ 5 , 6 , 7 ], gas sensors [ 8 ], and immunosensors [ 9 ]. In particular, flexible conductive polymers were also proposed by [ 10 , 11 ].…”