Exploring the Gender Difference and Predictors of Perceived Stress among Students Enrolled in Different Medical Programs: A Cross-Sectional Study

Infortuna, Carmenrita; Gratteri, Francesco; Benotakeia, Andrew; Patel, Sapan; Fleischman, Alex; Muscatello, Maria Rosaria Anna; Bruno, Antonio; Zoccali, Rocco Antonio; Chusid, Eileen; Han, Zhiyong; Battaglia, Fortunato

doi:10.3390/ijerph17186647

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Although the level of PS among medical students in this study did less differentiated from that before the COVID-19 outbreak, 45 the distribution of stressors varied, psychosocial (P=0.003) and health-related stressors (P=0.008) significantly associated with the level of PS.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…This study indicated that the majority of medical students engaging in online learning during the COVID-19 outbreak experienced moderate to high levels of PS, most prominently in female and junior students. Although the level of PS among medical students in this study did less differentiated from that before the COVID-19 outbreak, 45 the distribution of stressors varied, psychosocial ( P =0.003) and health-related stressors ( P =0.008) significantly associated with the level of PS. Besides, the better persistence, attitude and flexibility of learning behavior, and greater teaching and social presence in the learning environment could alleviate students’ PS.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

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Perceived Stress Among Chinese Medical Students Engaging in Online Learning in Light of COVID-19

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2021

PRBM

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After a year of the COVID-19 pandemic, countries have repeatedly imposed strict quarantine regimes as the virus mutates and becomes more contagious. Medical undergraduate education has been disrupted and transformed into prolonged home isolation and online learning. Although studies have reported that the COVID-19 pandemic tends to increase perceived stress (PS) and affect the mental health of medical students, the influencing factors are unclear. Therefore, based on the stress process model, this study will comprehensively evaluate the distribution of stressors of medical students and explore the personal and environmental predictors of PS during the epidemic. Participants and Methods: An online survey was conducted among medical students (n=369) from three medical universities in western China who engaged in online learning. A stress process conceptual framework was formed to explore the influencing factors of PS. The survey items contained four sections: (a) the potential stressors derived from academic, psychosocial and health-related demands; coping resources such as (b) online learning environment support and (c) personal resilience, including online learning behavior and individual characteristics; and (d) PS, perception of imbalanced demands and coping resources. Results: The mean PS score was 17.39 (SD=4.58), and over four-fifths (82.3%) of the students had moderate to high levels of stress. The average item scores of academic, psychosocial and health-related stressors were 2.72 (SD=0.55), 2.31 (SD=0.55) and 2.07 (SD=0.50), respectively. Gender, grade, psychosocial stressors, health-related stressors, specific online learning behavior (persistence, attitude and flexibility), and the online learning environment (teaching, social and cognitive presence) were predictors of PS. Conclusion:Our results specify that a reduction in psychological and health-related stressor stimulation, specific online learning behavior promotion, and well-established online learning environment support could be considered essential for alleviating the negative impacts of COVID-19 on the psychosocial health of medical undergraduates.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Perceived Stress Among Chinese Medical Students Engaging in Online Learning in Light of COVID-19

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2021

PRBM

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“…We should emphasize the fact that some studies did not perform all assessments on the same day and most of the studies did not examine confounding factors, such as sex differences. This is of pivotal importance as previous studies indicate sex difference in perceived stress [ 72 ], which was previously associated with depressive symptoms in MS [ 73 ]. This study presents several limitations: the search did not take into consideration grey literature or non-English studies due to lack of resources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Vitamin D and Depressive Symptoms in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis: A Scoping Review

Concerto

Rodolico

Ciancio

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background. Vitamin D deficiency has been correlated with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) risk and disease activity. There is some controversy as to whether vitamin D could have an impact on depressive symptoms in people with MS (pwMS). The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate the association between vitamin D status and depressive symptoms in pwMS. Methods. We searched databases to include studies published up to March 2021 to provide an overview of the available evidence on the correlation between vitamin D status and depressive symptoms in pwMS. The eligibility criteria were as follows: studies evaluating the use of vitamin D measurement on depressive symptoms in patients suffering from MS, including randomized and non-randomized studies; studies written in English; and studies exploring an adult population over the age of 18. Results. Eleven studies met our inclusion criteria: two of them were abstracts only; the majority were cross-sectional studies; two were prospective longitudinal studies; one was a retrospective cohort study; and one was a randomized placebo-controlled trial (RCT). Of the eleven studies selected, seven showed a potential correlation between low vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms. Conclusion. Future RCT studies should include patients with greater severity of depressive symptoms and should consider confounding factors such as sun exposure and seasonal variation of vitamin D.

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“…In addition, it is to be demonstrated whether the results are generalizable to countries with different heath care systems and social support. We should also acknowledge that the study of temperament traits, previously associated with mental illnesses, perception of stress, and health hazards should be considered in future studies [ 52 , 53 , 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Perception among Psychiatric Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Natale

Concerto

Rodolico

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The fear of the new coronavirus infection has driven many non-COVID-19 patients away from essential healthcare. Our study aimed to investigate the perception of risk and feelings of danger for the contagion in a sample of Italian psychiatric patients. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown in Italy. The risk perception and risk-related variables were assessed in a sample of 150 consecutive patients with a previous diagnosis of major depression (50), bipolar I disorder (50), and schizophrenia seeking ambulatory care using a questionnaire previously administered to the general Italian population. Our results showed that patients were more concerned about economic, psychological, and interpersonal consequences of COVID-19 pandemic, rather than about their own health. At the multiple regression analysis, the likelihood of COVID-19 resolution was positively influenced by the diagnosis of schizophrenia, the increased perceived effectiveness, and the presence of positive emotions. Indeed, positive emotions and uncertainty positively influenced interpersonal risk. Our study highlights the need to provide more support to psychiatric patients during emergency events to prevent them from engaging in risky behaviors.

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Exploring the Gender Difference and Predictors of Perceived Stress among Students Enrolled in Different Medical Programs: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Perceived Stress Among Chinese Medical Students Engaging in Online Learning in Light of COVID-19

Perceived Stress Among Chinese Medical Students Engaging in Online Learning in Light of COVID-19

Vitamin D and Depressive Symptoms in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis: A Scoping Review

Risk Perception among Psychiatric Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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