Exploring the impacts of built environment on pedestrian injury severity involving distracted driving

Khan, Nazmul Arefin; Habib, Muhammad Ahsanul

doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2021.11.001

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Distracted and drowsy driving emerged as other essential EVs, significantly associated with more severe crash outcomes. Khan and Habib (Khan & Habib, 2022) found that distracted driving on straight roads increased the likelihood of higher pedestrian injury severity, while Xing et al (Xing et al, n.d.) reported more serious crashes with distracted driving. Crashes involving teenage drivers were more likely to result in severe outcomes, indicating the importance of focusing driver education on this demographic group.…”

Section: Model Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Exploring the Determinants of Pedestrian Crash Severity: A Comparative Study Using Ordered Probit, Stacking Ensemble, and TabNet

Rafe,

Arman,

Singleton

2024

Preprint

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In this study, we aimed to explore the determinants influencing the severity of pedestrian crashes, focusing particularly on the novel application of the TabNet model in pedestrian crash severity analysis. Utilizing pedestrian crash data from Utah for the years 2010 to 2022, our methodology incorporated the ordered probit model, a stacking ensemble approach including a multinomial logistic model, XGBoost, and extremely randomized trees, as well as the innovative use of the TabNet model. A significant advancement in our approach was the application of SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for the first time to interpret the results of the TabNet model in this specific research area, providing new insights into the interpretability of deep learning models in pedestrian crash severity analysis. Our findings indicated that the TabNet model outperformed other models in predictive accuracy, effectively identifying key factors such as pedestrian age, involvement in left and right turns, lighting conditions, and alcohol consumption as significant in influencing crash severity. These results highlight the effectiveness of using advanced analytical models like TabNet to gain a deeper understanding of the factors impacting pedestrian crash severity, offering valuable insights for transportation safety engineers and policymakers in developing targeted safety measures to improve pedestrian safety in urban environments.

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Section: Model Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Exploring the Determinants of Pedestrian Crash Severity: A Comparative Study Using Ordered Probit, Stacking Ensemble, and TabNet

Rafe,

Arman,

Singleton

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, pedestrian behavior such as midblock crossing ( 18 ) and walking under the influence are also known for producing fatal outcomes ( 19 ). On the other hand, driver behavior, such as distracted driving on curved and sloped roads, using communication devices on straight roads, and speeding, are linked with severe outcomes in pedestrian crashes ( 20 ).…”

Section: Factors Determining Severe Outcome In a Pedestrian Crashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Pedestrian Crashes Becoming More Severe? A Breakdown of Pedestrian Crashes in Urban Tennessee

Parajuli,

Cherry,

Zavisca

et al. 2023

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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Similar to the nationwide trend of declining pedestrian safety, pedestrian fatalities in Tennessee increased by 117 % between 2009 and 2019. During the same time, pedestrians involved in traffic crashes have only increased by 26 %, suggesting that the reason for the increased number of fatalities is that pedestrian crashes are becoming more severe. The media, and safety advocates speculate about the different scenarios that could be responsible for the decrease in pedestrian safety. Past studies have failed to integrate pedestrian involvement into their studies and confirm whether pedestrian crashes are becoming more severe. Our study collected all reported pedestrian crashes and their outcomes from crash data kept by the Tennessee police, thus providing fatality and involvement numbers. Excluding crashes on controlled access roads, we measured the pedestrian fatality rate (PFR) for essential variables for each year from 2009 to 2019. An upward PFR graph shows that pedestrian crashes are becoming more severe compared with the past. To substantiate our claims with adequate statistical significance, we employed separate Poisson regression models for the pedestrian fatality count and PFR associated with each attribute of pedestrian crashes. The results show that an increase in severity is linked with multilane urban arterials with speeds above 35 mph at midblock locations. The study results also confirm that cars are still the cause of the high fatality rate in Tennessee rather than sport utility vehicles or other large vehicles. We recommend that cities reduce design speeds to 35 mph, increase safe pedestrian crossing opportunities, and install more pedestrian-scale lighting infrastructure on urban arterials.

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“…In another study on distraction and yielding patterns of road users at crosswalks on a university campus, 18% of drivers (on average) were noticeably distracted and those that were distracted were about 15 times less likely to yield to pedestrians, and about four times more likely to be involved in conflicts with pedestrians ( 22 ). Khan and Habib showed that factors related to the built environment (e.g., land use, roadway design, and configuration) significantly affected pedestrian injury severity in pedestrian-vehicle collisions that were caused by distracted driving ( 23 ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Relationships between Multimodal Environments and Multitasking Driving Behaviors

Zou

Guo

Khaloei

et al. 2022

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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This study examined multitasking behaviors of drivers in environments that include large numbers of pedestrians and cyclists, using video and vehicle data from the second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP2). The study includes 15 sites in both Seattle, WA, and Tampa, FL, U.S., (nine pedestrian and six cyclist locations), including three marking and signal types for crosswalks and two types for bike treatments. A total of 1,458 SHRP2 traversals with time-series data and forward videos were extracted with face/dash videos for about 50% of these traversals. Forward video coding was conducted for all daytime traversals starting from one block before to one block after the selected site. Face/dash video was coded for all traversals with pedestrians or cyclists. A matched set of traversals without pedestrians or cyclists were also coded. The final data set included 458 traversals with coded data on multitasking behavior and the multimodal environment. Mixed-effect binary logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of pedestrian/cyclist presence and the facility type with drivers’ multitasking behavior. The findings show that the presence of pedestrians/cyclists and facility types could be related to drivers’ multitasking behavior. The findings can provide the foundation for future studies that examine safety for non-motorists with respect to infrastructure design, signage, and policies. There is also the potential to provide insights into assistive driving systems within automated vehicles, which are discussed in this paper.

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Exploring the impacts of built environment on pedestrian injury severity involving distracted driving

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Exploring the Determinants of Pedestrian Crash Severity: A Comparative Study Using Ordered Probit, Stacking Ensemble, and TabNet

Exploring the Determinants of Pedestrian Crash Severity: A Comparative Study Using Ordered Probit, Stacking Ensemble, and TabNet

Are Pedestrian Crashes Becoming More Severe? A Breakdown of Pedestrian Crashes in Urban Tennessee

Examining the Relationships between Multimodal Environments and Multitasking Driving Behaviors

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