Exploring the importance of authigenic clay formation in the global Li cycle

Andrews, Elizabeth; Strandmann, Philip A.E. Pogge von; Fantle, Matthew S.

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2020.08.018

Cited by 50 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Andrews et al. (2020) find that a proportion of this flux (80 × 10 9 g/year) is found in authigenic clays associated with carbonate‐rich sediments. Independent evidence supports preferential incorporation of 6 Li by clay minerals, which presumably begins with the formation of secondary clay minerals in soils and continues in rivers and marine sediments (Lemarchand et al., 2010; Ma et al., 2020; Steinhoefel et al., 2021; J.‐W.…”

Section: Natural Biogeochemical Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Global Biogeochemical Cycle of Lithium

Schlesinger

Klein

Wang

et al. 2021

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Lithium is the lightest alkali metal and is one of a group of three elements (Li, Be, and B) that are anomalously rare in the Universe based on the standard cosmological model (Malaney & Fowler, 1988;Vangioni & Cassé, 2018). Due to its particular chemical properties (i.e., low atomic mass, high reactivity, and easy exchange of the outermost of its three electrons), Li has become a key element in modern batteries. A typical electric vehicle battery, for example, may contain as much as 12 kg of Li, which-combined with other industrial applications-contributes to the growing worldwide demand for Li (Bibienne et al., 2020).Lithium is mined commercially from pegmatite minerals (e.g., lepidolite and spodumene) mostly in Australia and China. Large quantities of Li are also extracted from evaporite minerals and associated brines, with the largest production occurring in Chile, Argentina, and the United States. Current annual global production of Li is 77,000 mt/year (77 × 10 9 g/year; U.S. Geological Survey, 2020). At current use, proven reserves are expected to last for about 200 years, but demand for Li is estimated to increase 10-fold by 2050 (Sovacool et al., 2020). Junne et al. (2020) estimate that the ratio of cumulative Li demand to reserves may be as high as 6.5. Clearly, new deposits must be found, and large-scale recycling instituted, to accommodate increasing future demand.Although Li has no known role in biochemistry, it has long been used to treat bipolar disorder and other problems of mental health (Geddes et al., 2004). The mechanism of its efficacy has not been fully elucidated (Curran & Ravindran, 2014). At high levels, Li is toxic to plants (

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Section: Natural Biogeochemical Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Global Biogeochemical Cycle of Lithium

Schlesinger

Klein

Wang

et al. 2021

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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“…Li and Sr are widely used to estimate several geochemical processes notably at the water/ rock interface (Huh et al, 1998;Brunskill et al, 2003;Davis et al, 2003) such as continental weathering (Pistiner and Henderson, 2003;Vance et al, 2009;Millot et al, 2010) or hydrothermal alteration of oceanic crust (Barker et al, 2008;Araoka et al, 2016;Chavagnac et al, 2018a). It is generally admitted that dissolved riverine inputs and hydrothermal inputs are the two main sources of Li and Sr to the ocean (Albarède et al, 1981;Palmer and Edmond, 1989;Allègre et al, 2010;Tomascak et al, 2016;von Strandmann et al, 2020). Nevertheless, there are still unresolved issues concerning the complex Li and Sr oceanic budget (Stoffynegli and Mackenzie, 1984;Huh et al, 1998;Davis et al, 2003;Vance et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, there are still unresolved issues concerning the complex Li and Sr oceanic budget (Stoffynegli and Mackenzie, 1984;Huh et al, 1998;Davis et al, 2003;Vance et al, 2009). The isotopic composition of marine Li is heavier than that of its sources, implying that there are sinks that preferentially remove light Li, i.e., secondary clay formation (Tomascak et al, 2016;von Strandmann et al, 2020). However, uncertainties remain regarding, for example, the impact on the marine Li isotope budget of groundwater discharges (Mayfield et al, 2021), or of clay authigenesis (Andrews et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The isotopic composition of marine Li is heavier than that of its sources, implying that there are sinks that preferentially remove light Li, i.e., secondary clay formation (Tomascak et al, 2016;von Strandmann et al, 2020). However, uncertainties remain regarding, for example, the impact on the marine Li isotope budget of groundwater discharges (Mayfield et al, 2021), or of clay authigenesis (Andrews et al, 2020). Regarding the marine Sr isotopic budget, it is unbalanced as the flux of unradiogenic hydrothermal Sr is too low by a factor 3 to balance the flux of radiogenic river Sr (Palmer and Edmond, 1989;Bickle and Teagle, 1992;Davis et al, 2003;Teagle et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tracking the Lithium and Strontium Isotope Signature of Hydrothermal Plume in the Water Column: A Case Study at the EMSO-Azores Deep-Sea Observatory

Artigue

Chavagnac

Destrigneville

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Chem.

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Lithium (Li) and strontium (Sr) are two economically relevant chemical elements whose oceanic biogeochemical cycles are not fully constrained. In particular, how they disperse and behave from hydrothermal sources into the water column is understudied while hydrothermal systems on the global mid-ocean ridge network (∼67,000 km) represent one of the main sources of Li. This study aims to provide new insights on the dissolved Li (DLi) and Sr (DSr) behavior in the water column. Here, we present for the first time the DLi and DSr elemental and isotopic (δ7Li, and 87Sr/86Sr) profiles from six casts distributed over the Lucky Strike hydrothermal vent field (LSHF, Mid-Atlantic Ridge). The DLi and DSr results reflect a hydrothermal contribution to the water column up to ∼300 m above the seafloor that can be quantified by up to 10% based on the DLi dataset. For increasing hydrothermal contribution the δ7Li values of the water column become heavier most likely due to mineral–seawater interactions, i.e., manganese oxide formed during the mixing of hydrothermal fluid and seawater. Contrarily to the DLi, DSr, and δ7Li datasets, the hydrothermal contribution to the water column is not evidenced by the 87Sr/86Sr ratios that fall within the range of oligotrophic oceanic waters. Surprisingly, some geographically distant casts display at the same depth identical DLi and DSr concentrations or similar δ7Li signatures. We attribute these features to the current dynamics above the LSHF, suggesting that the hydrothermal signature of the western casts can overprint those of the eastern and center casts in less than 1 h at the LSHF km-scale. Overall, this study highlights that 1) as for many elements, DLi, DSr, and δ7Li can be used to track the hydrothermal signature to the water column at a km-scale whereas 87Sr/86Sr cannot, 2) local currents play a major role in advecting the hydrothermal contribution away from the hydrothermal sources, and 3) mineral–seawater interaction processes are at play during the mixing between hydrothermal fluid and seawater and impact the δ7Li hydrothermal signature. Our study suggests that chemical tracers of hydrothermal input have to be chosen depending on the spatial scale of the studied area.

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“…It was shown that partial dissolution of basalt does not result in Li-isotope fractionation, but that granite dissolution can cause such fractionation (Pistiner and Henderson 2003;Négrel and Millot, 2019). In addition, adsorption onto mineral surfaces can be another major mechanism of Li-isotopic fractionation in the hydrosphere (Wenshuai and Liu, 2020;Andrews et al, 2020). Moreover, Li is not a nutrient and does not participate in biologically mediated reactions, so no evidence of biological Li-isotope fractionation has been observed to date (Rudnick et al, 2004;Marriott et al, 2004).…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium isotopes in the Loire River Basin (France): Hydrogeochemical characterizations at two complementary scales

Millot

Négrel

2021

Applied Geochemistry

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We illustrate two different, but complementary, applications of lithium (Li) isotope tracers for river-basin characterization at two different scales within the Loire River basin (LRB) in France.The first example deals with the behaviour of Li and the fractionation of its isotopes during river weathering at the basin scale of the LRB (117,800 km²). The wide δ 7Li range (+5.0 to +13.3‰) in Loire basin streams, spatialized between the headwaters and the lowlands, is consistent with distinct weathering conditions and the distribution of Li from bedrock in the basin between the rivers and secondary mineral phases during water/rock interaction. Additionally, suspended sediments in the LRB streams are significantly 6 Li enriched ( 7 Li from -8.7 to -7.6‰) compared to average river waters that range from +5.0 to +13.3‰. The second example focuses on the smaller scale Egoutier watershed (13 km²), part of the LRB, which shows that Li isotopes can be useful for distinguishing between natural input and anthropogenic pollution, like effluents from a water treatment plant connected to a hospital. Overall, we confirm that Li isotopes cannot be used as lithological tracers for river waters. However, we did find that Li isotopes can be good tracers of weathering conditions and of anthropogenic sources in an urbanized watershed.

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Exploring the importance of authigenic clay formation in the global Li cycle

Cited by 50 publications

References 67 publications

Global Biogeochemical Cycle of Lithium

Global Biogeochemical Cycle of Lithium

Tracking the Lithium and Strontium Isotope Signature of Hydrothermal Plume in the Water Column: A Case Study at the EMSO-Azores Deep-Sea Observatory

Lithium isotopes in the Loire River Basin (France): Hydrogeochemical characterizations at two complementary scales

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