Synthesizing SnO2 composite nanostructures
via a facile
one-step method has been proven to be a great challenge. By adjusting
operating variables, such as the reaction solution’s pH and
solvent type, several SnO2 nanostructures, in particular,
a function-matching SnO2 hybrid structure composed of irregular
zero-dimensional nanoparticles (NPs) and two-dimensional nanosheets
(NSs), could be created. The as-prepared SnO2 composites
were then characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron
microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and diffuse
reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) to determine their physical
properties. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) constructed with the
resultant multifunctional SnO2 NPs/NSs composite exhibited
the highest overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.16% among
all products with a corresponding short-circuit current density of
18.6 mA/cm2 and an open-circuit voltage of 0.626 V. The
improved performance can be attributed to the combined effects of
each component in the composite, i.e., the intentionally introduced
nanosheets provide desired electron transport and enhanced light scattering
capability, while the nanoparticles retain their large surface area
for efficient dye absorption.