Exploring the Landscape of Standards and Guidelines in AgeTech Design and Development: Scoping Review and Thematic Analysis (Preprint)

Abstract

BACKGROUND AgeTech offers digital solutions for older adults, supporting aging in place, including digital health, assistive technology, internal of things, medical devices, robotics, wearables, and sensors. This study underscores the critical role of standards and guidelines in ensuring the safety and effectiveness of these technologies for the health of older adults. As the aging demographic expands, the focus on robust standards becomes vital, reflecting a collective commitment to improving the overall quality of life for older individuals through thoughtful and secure technology integration. OBJECTIVE This scoping review investigates the current state of standards and guidelines applied in AgeTech design and development as reported in academic literature. We explore the existing knowledge of these standards and guidelines and identify key gaps in the design and development of AgeTech guidelines and standards in scholarly publications. METHODS The literature review adhered to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Searches were carried out across multiple databases, including Scopus, IEEE, PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Google Scholar, utilizing a search string incorporating concepts like "older people," "technology," and "standards or guidelines". Alternative terms, Boolean operators, and truncation were employed for comprehensive coverage in each database. The synthesis of results and data analysis involved both quantitative and qualitative methods. RESULTS Initially, 736 documents were identified across various databases. After applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, and a screening process, 58 documents were selected for full-text review. The findings highlight that the most frequently addressed aspect of AgeTech standards or guidelines is related to "design and development," constituting 36.2% (n=21) of the literature, "usability and user experience" was the second most prevalent aspect with 19% (n=11). In contrast, “privacy and security" with 1.7% (n=1) and "data quality," (n=1) were the least addressed aspects 1.7%. Similarly, "ethics," "integration and interoperability," "accessibility," and "acceptance or adoption" each have 3.4% (n=2). Additionally, a thematic analysis identified qualitative themes that warrant further exploration of variables. CONCLUSIONS This study investigated the available knowledge regarding standards and guidelines in AgeTech design and development to evaluate their current status in academic literature. The substantial focus on assistive technologies and Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) technologies confirmed their vital role in AgeTech. The findings provide valuable insights for interested parties and point to prioritized areas for further development and research in the AgeTech domain.