Exploring the measurements of COVID-19-induced supply chain disruptions and their implications on the economic vulnerability of small-scale farmers

Karunarathna, Navodika; Siriwardhane, D.; Jayarathne, Amila

doi:10.1108/ijieom-03-2023-0028

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Medicine prices rise in response to increased production and distribution costs [40]. Economic downturns disrupt supply chains, affecting the availability of raw materials and the transportation of goods [41]. This disruption may lead to shortages and increased prices for certain medicines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affordability of Paediatric Oral Anti-Infective Medicines in a Selected District, Sri Lanka

Kumarasinghe,

Weerasinghe

2024

Pharmacoepidemiology

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In this cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the Ratnapura district, Sri Lanka, we assessed the affordability of oral pediatric anti-infective medicines (OPAIMs). Using a modified WHO/HAI medicinal price methodology, we examined the availability, median price ratios (MPRs), mean percentage difference, and affordability of the standard treatment of the originator brand (OB) and lowest-priced generic (LPG) OPAIMs in 30 private and 2 state-owned pharmacies. The study revealed disparities in availability, with only 50% of private pharmacies offering all 11 medicinal drugs in their generic form. The MPRs of OPAIMs for OB and LPG varied, with three drugs exceeding the financially acceptable MPR of 2 (albendazole, amoxicillin, and erythromycin). The standard treatment with LPGs costs between 0.17 and 0.85 and between 0.06 and 0.28 days’ wages for the lowest daily salary of the private sector and unskilled public employees, respectively. We identified erythromycin and albendazole as having less than 50% availability in their generic form in private pharmacies. To address these findings, we recommend frequent pricing revisions based on exchange rates and associated costs, coupled with the establishment of a transparent scientific criterion to subsidize essential medicines deemed “unaffordable.” Failure to implement such measures amidst economic crises may adversely impact financial access to essential medications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affordability of Paediatric Oral Anti-Infective Medicines in a Selected District, Sri Lanka

Kumarasinghe,

Weerasinghe

2024

Pharmacoepidemiology

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“…Disruptions in food supply chains have been a significant concern, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many vulnerabilities in food supply chains were exposed due to several economic, political, and infrastructural factors [26]. The agri-food sector has faced negative impacts due to disruptions in demand, supply, transport, and the operability of nodes [27].…”

Section: Disruptions In Food Supply Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of COVID-19 and the Russian–Ukrainian Conflict on Food Supply Chain: A Case Study from Bread Supply Chain in Egypt

Mostafa,

Hussein,

Elsheeta

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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The COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian–Ukrainian war have significantly impacted global supply chains, including the food supply chain, in numerous countries. As one of the leading wheat importers, Egypt has been adversely affected by the simultaneous occurrence of these two events. Baladi bread is an integral part of the daily diet in Egypt, so any disruption affecting its availability can have a severe impact on the country’s food security. This study aims to simulate the causes and effects of potential disruptions that could occur, such as increased transportation time, unavailability of sourcing, and surge in demand due to lockdowns and panic buying. The East Cairo region was chosen as a case study to model the Baladi bread supply chain. A discrete-event simulation model was developed using anyLogistix software (version 2.15.1) for this study. Five key performance indicators were selected to evaluate, analyze, and compare the outcomes of each scenario in terms of the performance and operation of the food supply chain: service level by product, lead time, demand backlog, average daily available inventory in the mills, and on-hand inventory of wheat in the silos. The results indicate that the supply chain has been significantly impacted by the disruptions caused by these two events, leading to decreased availability of Baladi bread, unmet demand, extended lead times, and high backlogs. By utilizing the research findings, proactive strategies can be developed to minimize the impact of such disruptions in the future and maximize food security and supply chain resilience.

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Determinants of information asymmetry in agri-food supply chains

Mardenli,

Sackmann,

Fiedler

et al. 2024

IJLM

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PurposeWith its presence, which can create inefficiencies, uncertainties and risks, information asymmetry poses a significant challenge to successfully managing the agri-food supply chain (AFSC). Understanding the variables that influence information asymmetry is crucial for devising more effective strategies to mitigate it. This study, therefore, explores the variables that influence information asymmetry in the AFSC.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative analysis was conducted, relying on semi-structured interviews with 17 experts representing different actors in the AFSC (e.g. seed producers, retailers, etc.) in Germany. The collected data was analysed using the GABEK® method.FindingsThe study confirms that the influencing variables derived from the existing theory, such as price performance, digitalisation, environmental, process and quality measures, contribute to information asymmetry. It further reveals new variables that associate with information asymmetry, including documentation requirements, increasing regulation, consumer behaviour, incorrect data within the company as well as crises, political conflicts and supplier–buyer conflicts. Furthermore, the study shows that supply chain actors counteract asymmetry by focusing on social behaviour and monitoring suppliers through key performance indicators, employees and social aspects.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was limited to the universal influence of the variables on information asymmetry in the AFSC, making the magnitude of the influence and its context-specific nature unexplained.Originality/valueThis study is one of the very few that examines information asymmetry across the AFSC from the perspective of different actors, providing a more overarching and deeper understanding of information asymmetry.

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Exploring the measurements of COVID-19-induced supply chain disruptions and their implications on the economic vulnerability of small-scale farmers

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Affordability of Paediatric Oral Anti-Infective Medicines in a Selected District, Sri Lanka

Affordability of Paediatric Oral Anti-Infective Medicines in a Selected District, Sri Lanka

Impacts of COVID-19 and the Russian–Ukrainian Conflict on Food Supply Chain: A Case Study from Bread Supply Chain in Egypt

Determinants of information asymmetry in agri-food supply chains

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