Exploring the oxidative mechanisms of bitumen after laboratory short- and long-term ageing

Study of Thermal Aging of Model Compounds Present in Asphalt Cement by GC/MS, ESI-MS, NMR, and FTIR

“…4 clusters can be explained, which can change the physicochemical properties of the asphalt, such as viscosity, softening point, and penetration. 9 Lu et al (2021), from analyses using time-offlight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), observed the formation of sulfur-type classes (SO 1 , SO 2 , SO 3 , and HSO 4 ) after the asphalt aging. 10 Analytical techniques such as gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC/MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, electrospray ionization−Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR MS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are essential for the characterization and evaluation of chemical reactions that occur in the aging processes of the asphalt.…”

“…Pipintakos et al (2021) observed the formation of oxygenated and sulfur radicals, mainly of aliphatic groups. From the formation of highly reactive radicals, the formation of clusters can be explained, which can change the physicochemical properties of the asphalt, such as viscosity, softening point, and penetration . Lu et al (2021), from analyses using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), observed the formation of sulfur-type classes (SO 1 , SO 2 , SO 3 , and HSO 4 ) after the asphalt aging …”

“…Some studies reported that for some reactions in asphalt aging processes − it is difficult to locate exactly where the reactions occur ,, because of the complexity of the chemical composition. Therefore, to better understand exactly this behavior, this study evaluates the behavior of 15 model compounds present in the AC composition representing the fractions of saturated compounds (5-α-cholestane and hexatriacontane), aromatics (hexamethylbenzene, coronene, and benzo­[a]­anthracene), nitrogenous compounds (acridine, carbazole, indole, and N,N′-Bis­(3-pentyl)­perylene-3,4,9,10-bis­(dicarboximide)), sulfur compounds (2-naphthalenethiol, 4,6-diethyldibenzothiophene, and NDT), and naphthenic acids (stearic (SA), pentadecanoic (PA), and sinapinic acids (ASN)) through thermal aging by two different methods: (i) constant temperature of 80 °C, with time ranging from 5 to 60 days, and (ii) temperature variation from 80 to 140 °C, with a constant period of 15 days.…”

Application of Atomic Force (AFM), Environmental Scanning Electron (ESEM) and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) in bitumen: A review of the ageing effect

“…Bitumen undergoes alterations not only in the physicochemical [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and mechanical properties [12][13][14] but also in microstructural patterns due to the effect of different processes occurring during its production and service life. Among other existing processes (physical hardening, volatilisation, condensation), the diffusion-reaction of oxygen with bitumen, known as oxidative ageing, is an irreversible phenomenon that has been studied thoroughly over the past years.…”

Effect of Different Polymer Modifiers on the Long-Term Rutting and Cracking Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures

“…In addition to using multiple polymers, the anti-aging properties of asphalt binders also play an important role in affecting pavement durability. During the service life of the asphalt pavement, moisture, oxygen, ultraviolet light, etc., will cause changes in the physical and chemical properties of asphalt [16,17]; that is, the aging of asphalt, which will ultimately have an impact on the asphalt mixture performance. Zhang [18] studied the influence of aging on the thermal behavior of SBR+SBS compound-modified asphalt.…”