Exploring the perspectives of irradiated sodium alginate on molecular and physiological parameters of heavy metal stressed Vigna radiata L. plants

Abstract

Heavy metal (HM) contamination causes severe detrimental effects on plant growth. Irradiated sodium alginate (ISA) has been proposed for enhancing the efficacy and selectivity of metal ion biosorption from plants under HM-toxicity. The present study has been planned to investigate the morphological, molecular, physiological, and regulation of transcript levels of defence mechanisms for alleviation of HM toxicity in Vigna radiata plants by irradiated sodium alginate (ISA). V. radiata L. plants were treated with T0-water (control); TCd-CdCl2 (100 μM); TPb-Pb(NO3)2 (500 μM); TFe-FeSO4 (300 μM), and ISA solution at 75 mg/l as a foliar spray onto leaves. Our results suggested the positive impact of ISA for HM stress mitigation by V. radiata L. plants, through modulatory effects on molecular and physiological attributes. In our study, we evaluated the growth characteristics (plant height, leaf area, total fresh weight and grain weight), pigment contents, photosynthetic efficiency (14CO2-fixation), enzyme activities (nitrate reductase, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate-carboxylase/oxygenase, and carbonic anhydrases), and macronutrient contents (P, N, and K) in metal-stressed plants. All these attributes were found to be stimulated after ISA application. Also, ISA reduced the total malondialdehyde, free proline, and total phenol content in heavy metal-exposed plants. The transcriptional expression profiling was conducted by examining the expression levels of AtPDR12, AtATM3, AtPCR1, MPK4, MPK6, and AtPDR8 genes that inferred the ISA-mediated detoxification of HMs in V. radiata plants. The data in the present research clearly indicated that treatment with foliar sprays of ISA (75 mg/l) resulted in enhanced tolerance of V. radiata plants against different HM stresses.

Integrative Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Cd Tolerance in Sinapis alba

“…MDA has a negative effect on mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and key enzyme activities in mitochondria. High levels of MDA can exacerbate cell membrane damage [45][46][47]. In our study, when S. alba was subjected to Cd stress, there was a significant decrease in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll with increasing Cd concentration, while the MDA content significantly increased (Figures 4 and 5).…”

Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Potential of Lotus corniculatusand Amaranthus viridis

“…Free radical scavenging is one of the antioxidant characteristics of tanines (proton donors) (Amarowicz, 2007). Amaranth seeds have recently been shown to have a variety of phytonutrients that play a key role in inhibiting oxidative chain reactions as well as free radical interactions with tissue and membranes (Nsimba et al, 2008;Moussa et al, 2023). Amaranthus viridis and Lotus corniculatus were chosen for the study because of their potential as natural medicines and to be evaluated for their phytochemical content and antioxidant capability.…”