Exploring the physiological, neurophysiological and cognitive performance effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentrations indoors

Snow, Stephen; Boyson, Amy; Paas, Karlien H. W.; Gough, Hannah; King, Marco‐Felipe; Barlow, Janet F.; Noakes, Catherine; schraefel, m.c.

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.04.010

Cited by 88 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Correlation analyses were performed using the SPSS 23.0 (IBM Corp.) on the five PVT performance metrics, the KSS score, and the PANAS score (Table 9). The correlation of KSS score was conducted using Spearman's method, and the others were conducted using Pearson's method 25 . Table 10 presents the statistically significant correlations found between the measured variables.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The indicators of human vigilance and sentiment include the PVT performance metrics (fastest 10% RT, lowest 10% RT, average RT, accuracy, and comprehensive performance), the KSS scores, and the PANAS scores (positive affect scores and negative affect scores). The ratios of post‐exposure data to baseline data were calculated to eliminate the baseline differences of participant among exposure sessions, which was conducive to study the effects of CO 2 exposure concentrations on human response by the 4‐hour exposure 25 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous studies, human vigilance was mostly measured by the subjective sleepiness scales. Snow et al 25 reported that the self‐reported sleepiness evaluated by the Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) increased significantly with the elevated CO 2 concentration from 830 to 2700 ppm. Zhang et al 26 and Vehviläinen et al 27 observed a significant increase in subjective sleepiness using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) when participants were exposed to a restricted‐ventilation condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of carbon dioxide exposure concentrations on human vigilance and sentiment in an enclosed workplace environment

et al. 2020

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In this study, fifteen participants were exposed to different carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in an enclosed environmental chamber to investigate the potential effects of elevated CO2 concentrations on human vigilance and sentiment. The psychomotor vigilance test (PVT), the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS), and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were measured before and after each 4‐hour CO2 exposure session. The statistical analyses of the PVT performance metrics showed that the human vigilance decreased significantly with the elevated CO2 concentration from 1500 ppm to above 3500 ppm, but no significant change was observed in the KSS score. Moreover, although the participants reported less positive and more negative emotions as the CO2 exposure concentration increased, the effect of CO2 concentration on human sentiment was not potent. In sum, the findings suggested a detrimental effect of CO2 exposure concentration on human vigilance at the CO2 concentration of 3500 ppm, which is below the current occupational exposure limit of 5000 ppm. It is worth noting that the order of CO2 exposures was not balanced among the participants, which remains a major limitation of this study.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of carbon dioxide exposure concentrations on human vigilance and sentiment in an enclosed workplace environment

et al. 2020

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“…Thirteen studies meet at least 6 of the 8 criteria, but two of them were conducted on pilots 41 or astronaut-like subjects 34 and another two 42,43 did not report the mean and standard deviation of cognitive results under all test conditions. For better consistency, nine investigations, four on pure CO 2 , 21,22,24,32 four on ventilation manipulation, 39,44-46 and one involving both, 26 are included in further synthesized analysis where the effect size of cognitive results was calculated and summarized according to cognitive functions. 31 and school performance (eg, a 10%-20% reduction in calculation speed).…”

Section: Re Vie Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor CO ₂ concentrations and cognitive function: A critical review

et al. 2020

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Current studies on the impacts of indoor air quality (IAQ) focus largely on perception, 1,2 health, 3,4 and comfort 5 consequences, which have not brought appreciable improvement of IAQ in many indoor environments over the past decades. Meanwhile, increasing evidence has suggested IAQ is related to cognitive function and poor IAQ may significantly impair cognitive performance and productivity at work 6-8 or school. 9-12 The potential benefits from improved productivity, 13,14 therefore, may motivate the investment into IAQ research. Carbon dioxide (CO 2) has historically been treated as an indicator of ventilation effectiveness and not linked with severe health outcomes until concentrations reach 6500 to 18 500 ppm 15 or prolonged exposure lasting a few days. 16,17 However, growing evidence shows exposure to elevated CO 2 concentrations that are common in indoor environments (<5000 ppm) can cause various physical or psychomotor responses 18 including reductions in

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“…Increased CO 2 in the blood (hypercapnia) within the brain is associated with reduced oxygen (hypoxemia), which is critical for brain function, and brain activity indicating decreased arousal and excitability (Woodbury et al, 1958; Xu et al, 2011). CO 2 is known to increase sleepiness (Snow et al, 2019; Vehviläinen et al, 2016) and anxiety (Bailey et al, 2005), both of which in turn harm cognitive function (Dinges & Kribbs, 1991; Vytal et al, 2012; Zhang et al, 2015). A study in juvenile rodents found that increased CO 2 in the air reduced levels of a neuroprotective growth factor, severely harming brain development, increasing anxiety, and impairing learning and memory (Kiray et al, 2014).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Fossil Fuel Combustion Is Driving Indoor CO₂ Toward Levels Harmful to Human Cognition

2020

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Human activities are elevating atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations to levels unprecedented in human history. The majority of anticipated impacts of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions are mediated by climate warming. Recent experimental studies in the fields of indoor air quality and cognitive psychology and neuroscience, however, have revealed significant direct effects of indoor CO 2 levels on cognitive function. Here, we shed light on this connection and estimate the impact of continued fossil fuel emissions on human cognition. We conclude that indoor CO 2 levels may indeed reach levels harmful to cognition by the end of this century, and the best way to prevent this hidden consequence of climate change is to reduce fossil fuel emissions. Finally, we offer recommendations for a broad, interdisciplinary approach to improving such understanding and prediction.

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Exploring the physiological, neurophysiological and cognitive performance effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentrations indoors

Cited by 88 publications

References 34 publications

The effects of carbon dioxide exposure concentrations on human vigilance and sentiment in an enclosed workplace environment

The effects of carbon dioxide exposure concentrations on human vigilance and sentiment in an enclosed workplace environment

Indoor CO ₂ concentrations and cognitive function: A critical review

Fossil Fuel Combustion Is Driving Indoor CO₂ Toward Levels Harmful to Human Cognition

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Exploring the physiological, neurophysiological and cognitive performance effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentrations indoors

Cited by 88 publications

References 34 publications

The effects of carbon dioxide exposure concentrations on human vigilance and sentiment in an enclosed workplace environment

The effects of carbon dioxide exposure concentrations on human vigilance and sentiment in an enclosed workplace environment

Indoor CO 2 concentrations and cognitive function: A critical review

Fossil Fuel Combustion Is Driving Indoor CO2 Toward Levels Harmful to Human Cognition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Indoor CO ₂ concentrations and cognitive function: A critical review

Fossil Fuel Combustion Is Driving Indoor CO₂ Toward Levels Harmful to Human Cognition