Exploring the properties and applications of nanoceria: is there still plenty of room at the bottom?

Reed, Kenneth J.; Cormack, Alastair N.; Kulkarni, Aniruddha; Mayton, Mark; Sayle, Dean C.; Klaessig, Fred; Stadler, Brad

doi:10.1039/c4en00079j

Cited by 222 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO 2 ) are widely utilized in catalytic applications, mechanical planarization, and fuel additives (Reed et al 2014). Modeling studies have predicted that nCeO 2 could contaminate agricultural lands through biosolid application (Keller et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and biochemical response of soil-grown barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to cerium oxide nanoparticles

Rico

Barrios

Tan

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

164

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A soil microcosm study was performed to examine the impacts of cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2) on the physiology, productivity, and macromolecular composition of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The plants were cultivated in soil treated with nCeO2 at 0, 125, 250, and 500 mg kg(-1) (control, nCeO2-L, nCeO2-M, and nCeO2-H, respectively). Accumulation of Ce in leaves/grains and its effects on plant stress and nutrient loading were analyzed. The data revealed that nCeO2-H promoted plant development resulting in 331 % increase in shoot biomass compared with the control. nCeO2 treatment modified the stress levels in leaves without apparent signs of toxicity. However, plants exposed to nCeO2-H treatment did not form grains. Compared with control, nCeO2-M enhanced grain Ce accumulation by as much as 294 % which was accompanied by remarkable increases in P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Al. Likewise, nCeO2-M enhanced the methionine, aspartic acid, threonine, tyrosine, arginine, and linolenic acid contents in the grains by up to 617, 31, 58, 141, 378, and 2.47 % respectively, compared with the rest of the treatments. The findings illustrate the beneficial and harmful effects of nanoceria in barley.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and biochemical response of soil-grown barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to cerium oxide nanoparticles

Rico

Barrios

Tan

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

164

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“…: CeO 2 , ceria, cerium oxide) as one of the most abundant rare earth oxides has prompted research on the synthesis and development of functional ceria nanoparticles. As a result, nanoceria is increasingly used in a variety of industrial and commercial applications, including catalysis 1, 2 , e.g., as a diesel fuel additive to increase fuel combustion efficiency and decrease soot emissions 3, 4 ; in chemical mechanical planarization/polishing 5 ; UV-shielding 6 ; in semiconductors; in toner formulations 7 ; and as an additive in various nanocomposites, as reviewed 8 . The inevitable increase in consumer and occupational exposures raises the need for a comprehensive toxicological characterization of nanoceria 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The yin: an adverse health perspective of nanoceria: uptake, distribution, accumulation, and mechanisms of its toxicity

Yokel

Hussain

Garantziotis

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci.: Nano

111

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This critical review evolved from a SNO Special Workshop on Nanoceria panel presentation addressing the toxicological risks of nanoceria: accumulation, target organs, and issues of clearance; how exposure dose/concentration, exposure route, and experimental preparation/model influence the different reported effects of nanoceria; and how can safer by design concepts be applied to nanoceria? It focuses on the most relevant routes of human nanoceria exposure and uptake, disposition, persistence, and resultant adverse effects. The pulmonary, oral, dermal, and topical ocular exposure routes are addressed as well as the intravenous route, as the latter provides a reference for the pharmacokinetic fate of nanoceria once introduced into blood. Nanoceria reaching the blood is primarily distributed to mononuclear phagocytic system organs. Available data suggest nanoceria’s distribution is not greatly affected by dose, shape, or dosing schedule. Significant attention has been paid to the inhalation exposure route. Nanoceria distribution from the lung to the rest of the body is less than 1% of the deposited dose, and from the gastrointestinal tract even less. Intracellular nanoceria and organ burdens persist for at least months, suggesting very slow clearance rates. The acute toxicity of nanoceria is very low. However, large/accumulated doses produce granuloma in the lung and liver, and fibrosis in the lung. Toxicity, including genotoxicity, increases with exposure time; the effects disappear slowly, possibly due to nanoceria’s biopersistence. Nanoceria may exert toxicity through oxidative stress. Adverse effects seen at sites distal to exposure may be due to nanoceria translocation or released biomolecules. An example is elevated oxidative stress indicators in the brain, in the absence of appreciable brain nanoceria. Nanoceria may change its nature in biological environments and cause changes in biological molecules. Increased toxicity has been related to greater surface Ce3+, which becomes more relevant as particle size decreases and the ratio of surface area to volume increases. Given its biopersistence and resulting increased toxicity with time, there is a risk that long-term exposure to low nanoceria levels may eventually lead to adverse health effects. This critical review provides recommendations for research to resolve some of the many unknowns of nanoceria’s fate and adverse effects.

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“…[27] It was furthermore shown that the smaller the size of the nanoceria particles, the higher the amount of Ce 3+ and hence that of oxygen defects in the structure and on the surface of the particles. [7] …”

Section: Protective Effects Of Ceria Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7] Nanoceria is a promising material for energy-related applications such as in fuel cells, hydrogen production and purification, and water splitting. [8] Its use in three-way catalysts, especially as the mixed oxide, CeO 2 -ZrO 2 , in motor vehicles, has proven very valuable for environmental issues, as it reduces the emission of polluting gases by controlling the air-to-fuel ratio thanks to its oxygen-storage capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity and Protective Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Nanoceria) Depending on Their Preparation Method, Particle Size, Cell Type, and Exposure Route

Gagnon

Fromm

2015

Eur J Inorg Chem

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Nanoceria (cerium oxide nanoparticles) toxicity is currently a concern because of its use in motor vehicles in order to reduce carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and hydrocarbons in exhaust gases. In addition, many questions arise with respect to its biomedical applications exploiting its potential to protect cells against irradiation and oxidative stress. Indeed, toxicology studies on nanoceria report results that seem contradictory, demonstrating toxic effects in some studies, protective effects in others, and sometimes little or no effect at all. The variability in the experimental setups and particle characterization makes these studies difficult to compare and the toxicity of newly developed nanoceria materials challenging to predict. This microreview aims to compare the toxicity of nanoceria in terms of preparation method, particle size, concentration, host organism, and exposure method.

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Exploring the properties and applications of nanoceria: is there still plenty of room at the bottom?

Abstract: Nanoceria is an exceptionally versatile, commercially valuable catalytic material whose properties vary dramatically from that of the bulk material.

Cited by 222 publications

References 89 publications

Physiological and biochemical response of soil-grown barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to cerium oxide nanoparticles

Physiological and biochemical response of soil-grown barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to cerium oxide nanoparticles

The yin: an adverse health perspective of nanoceria: uptake, distribution, accumulation, and mechanisms of its toxicity

Toxicity and Protective Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Nanoceria) Depending on Their Preparation Method, Particle Size, Cell Type, and Exposure Route

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