Exploring the relationship between solvent-assisted ball milling, particle size, and sintering temperature in garnet-type solid electrolytes

Wood, Marissa; Gao, Xiaosi; Shi, Rongpei; Heo, Tae Wook; Espitia, Jose Ali; Duoss, Eric B.; Wood, Brandon C.; Ye, Jianchao

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229252

Cited by 35 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In fact, LLZO has been shown to react with LiFePO 4 at temperatures as low as 500 • C and with LiNi 1-x-y Mn x Co y O 2 (NMC) and LiCoO 2 (LCO) at temperatures about 700 • C. [137] Therefore, reducing the sintering temperature and sintering time is considered to be beneficial to the overall molding. Wood [105] et al introduced the influence of ball milling on the sintering of solid electrolyte. The sintering temperature of solid electrolyte with finer particles is lower to form electrolyte with the same density.…”

Section: Conventional Sintering Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smaller particles tend to be beneficial for sintering. [72,104,105] Compared with the larger 10 µm particles sintered at the same temperature, the smaller 1 µm particles have better densification. However, Cheng et al [72] found that the commonly used isopropanol solutions, although alcohols effectively reduced particle size, caused significant Li + loss due to Li + /H + exchange, which was not conducive to densification in the sintering process.…”

Section: Solid-state Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Cheng et al [72] found that the commonly used isopropanol solutions, although alcohols effectively reduced particle size, caused significant Li + loss due to Li + /H + exchange, which was not conducive to densification in the sintering process. [105] They improved the solvent to acetonitrile with a small amount of surfactant, and successfully reduced the particle size to 220 nm, thus reducing the sintering temperature without affecting the concentration of Li + .…”

Section: Solid-state Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges, fabrications and horizons of oxide solid electrolytes for solid‐state lithium batteries

et al. 2021

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Solid electrolyte is a key component for all-solid-state lithium battery that is one of the most promising technologies for next-generation energy storages. This review describes the challenges and strategies, preparation methods and outlook of oxide solid electrolytes for solid-state lithium batteries. The general strategies on enhancing ionic conductivity of oxide solid electrolytes and reducing impedance interface are first summarized. We then introduce the basic structures of typical oxide electrolytes. The preparation technologies are also introduced for oxide electrolytes with various dimensions including bulk, thin film and fiber. In addition, the integration of oxide electrolytes with electrode materials is highlighted. In the last part, an outlook for the future development of oxide electrolytes towards practical applications is provided.

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Section: Conventional Sintering Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solid-state Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solid-state Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges, fabrications and horizons of oxide solid electrolytes for solid‐state lithium batteries

et al. 2021

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“…Therefore, aprotic solvents are recommended for wet processing of garnets to prevent LHX. Another study on solvent‐assisted ball‐milling showed that acetonitrile successfully limits the Li loss of Li 6.4 La 3 Zr 1.4 Ta 0.6 O 12 to a mere 4 %, whereas the powder milled in ethanol showed a Li loss of approximately 30 % [32] …”

Section: Sustainable Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Li⁺/H⁺ Exchange in Garnet Solid Electrolytes: From Instability against Humidity to Sustainable Processing in Water

Ihrig

Imanishi

et al. 2021

ChemSusChem

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Garnet‐based Li‐ion conductors are one of the most promising oxide‐ceramic solid electrolytes for next‐generation Li batteries. However, they undergo a Li+/H+ exchange (LHX) reaction with most protic solvents used in component manufacturing routes and even with moisture in ambient air. These protonated garnets show a lower Li‐ionic conductivity, and even if only the surface is protonated, this degraded layer hinders the Li‐ion exchange with, for example, a metallic Li anode. Furthermore, the resulting unstable surface properties during the processing in air lead to challenges with respect to reproducibility of the final component performance, limiting their commercial applicability. However, in recent years, the knowledge about the underlying chemical mechanisms has led to the development of mitigation strategies and enabled a push of this promising material class towards sustainable and scalable fabrication routes. This Minireview covers the following four aspects, which are relevant for a comprehensive understanding of these developments: (1) reports of LHX phenomenon in garnets exposed to air and solvents; (2) recent understandings of the fundamentals and properties of LHX; (3) strategies to prevent LHX and to recover garnets; and (4) sustainable application of LHX for material processing and energy‐related devices.

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“…Beyond two-particle systems, several phase-field simulations of sintering have been carried out using ''diverse'' ensembles, where particles are arranged in differing multi-particle geometrical configurations, e.g., triangle, linear, square, two linear rows, etc., and as polycrystalline arrangements [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. Most of these studies were limited to particles of equal radii, while very few have explicitly examined the role of particle curvature on microstructural evolution [31,52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle curvature effects on microstructural evolution during solid-state sintering: phenomenological insights from phase-field simulations

Choudhuri

Blake

2021

J Mater Sci

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Local curvatures have a profound influence on sintered microstructure. Here, using phase-field simulations, particle curvature effects were phenomenologically investigated by using geometrical configurations of two, three, and four particles, and by systematically varying particle curvatures. Some geometries, involving two, three and four particles, exhibited the expected smooth necklength evolution, where the maximum neck length was determined by grain boundary (GB) energy (c GB ) rather than surface energy (c S ). In contrast, triangular arrangement of particles with unequal radii manifested a secondary necking event in form of a step during neck evolution. The secondary necking event coincided with internal pore collapse, and only specific range of particle radius ratios manifested such a mechanism. c S played a dominant role in triggering the secondary necking event, while c GB determined the remnant microstructure. Broadly, the geometries employed here allow us to computationally examine the sintering of particles that display wide variation in shapes and size distributions.

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Exploring the relationship between solvent-assisted ball milling, particle size, and sintering temperature in garnet-type solid electrolytes

Cited by 35 publications

References 64 publications

Challenges, fabrications and horizons of oxide solid electrolytes for solid‐state lithium batteries

Challenges, fabrications and horizons of oxide solid electrolytes for solid‐state lithium batteries

A Review on Li⁺/H⁺ Exchange in Garnet Solid Electrolytes: From Instability against Humidity to Sustainable Processing in Water

Particle curvature effects on microstructural evolution during solid-state sintering: phenomenological insights from phase-field simulations

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Exploring the relationship between solvent-assisted ball milling, particle size, and sintering temperature in garnet-type solid electrolytes

Cited by 35 publications

References 64 publications

Challenges, fabrications and horizons of oxide solid electrolytes for solid‐state lithium batteries

Challenges, fabrications and horizons of oxide solid electrolytes for solid‐state lithium batteries

A Review on Li+/H+ Exchange in Garnet Solid Electrolytes: From Instability against Humidity to Sustainable Processing in Water

Particle curvature effects on microstructural evolution during solid-state sintering: phenomenological insights from phase-field simulations

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Product

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A Review on Li⁺/H⁺ Exchange in Garnet Solid Electrolytes: From Instability against Humidity to Sustainable Processing in Water