Exploring the Role of Carbon Taxation Policies on CO2 Emissions: Contextual Evidence from Tax Implementation and Non-Implementation European Countries

Abstract

During the past decades, environmental related taxes, energy, and carbon taxes has been recommended by environmental scientists as a policy tool to mitigate pollutant emissions in developed and developing economies. Among developed nations, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, the Netherlands, and Norway were the first regions to adopt a tax on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and research into the impacts of carbon tax on carbon emissions bring significant implications. The prime objective and goal of this work is to explore the role of carbon tax reforms for environmental quality in European economies. This is probably the first study to conduct a comparative study in European context for carbon-tax implementation and non-implementation policies. To this end, the present study reports new conclusions and implications regarding the effectiveness of environmental regulations and policies for climate change and sustainability. In the present study, the authors exhaustively explore the impacts of the carbon-tax on the mitigation of CO2 emissions. Using the propensity score matching method, the results of the estimation of the different matching methods allow us to observe a positive and significant impact of the adoption of the carbon-tax on stimulating the reduction of carbon emissions.

Coherent Investigation on a Smart Kinetic Wooden Façade Based on Material Passport Concepts and Environmental Profile Inquiry

“…The energy consumption for manufacturing is modest. As wood absorbs CO 2 during growth and is therefore considered a CO 2 -neutral material, there are obvious environmental benefits from using it [ 51 ]. It has clear growth rings due to the large color difference between light springwood and dark autumn wood, selected as the color for the kinetic façade.…”

Fiscal and Budgetary Policy Efforts towards Climate Change Mitigation in Romania

“…Nerudová and Dobranschi consider that the second dividend is not seen in all contexts and sometimes a reduction in income taxes can have a negative impact on the environment [15], the authors suggest that "capital or payroll taxes cuts" can be more efficient in ensuring double dividend. The importance of taxation is also highlighted by Ghazouani et al [16] who appreciate that climate changes are generated by developed countries where there is a "growth in income, population, energy intensity".…”

Residents’ Willingness to Pay for a Carbon Tax

“…Atmospheric greenhouse gases concentrations, such as CO 2 , methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) have been attributed to human activity since the 1750's [5,6]. Emissions of greenhouse gases have contributed significantly to air pollution and affected climate changes by increasing the atmosphere's temperature [7,8]. The release of CO 2 gas, resulting from fossil fuels while producing fuel worldwide, has also contributed to global warming [1].…”

“…This is because the increase in demand for energy resources, especially fossil fuels, will increase CO 2 emissions. As a response, about Sustainability 2021, 13, 10118 2 of 25 40 national jurisdictions and more than 20 cities, states, and regions have implemented or planned an explicit carbon price, covering approximately 7GtCO 2 e, accounting for about 12% of global annual greenhouse gas emissions [8,11]. The number of carbon pricing tools implemented or planned has increased from US$20 to US$38 [12].…”