Exploring the role of trade facilitation in supporting integrity in trade

Abstract

This paper is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and the arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD countries.

Blockchain at the frontier

“…the state, with legislation aiming to grant limited liability to DAO developers and governance token holders, and enable judicial verification and acknowledgement of transactions and smart contracts (Lewis and Zeglarski, 2021 [51]). At the same time, the US Securities and Exchanges Commission is currently probing Uniswap Labs, the development team which created the Uniswap DAO, over how investors use Uniswap and how it has been marketed (Michaels and Osipovich, 2021 [52]).…”

Recent trends in transport and insurance costs and estimates at disaggregated product level

“…Transport and insurance costs, usually expressed as CIF-FOB margins, remain important determinants of the volume and geography of international trade today. Many researchers have highlighted how these trade costs associated with, for example, poor quality infrastructure (ports, roads), geographical distance to market, language and colonial ties, and bilateral and multilateral agreements, continue to shape global production networks and countries' integration into global value chains (Hummels, 1999;UNCTAD and World Bank, 2021;Behar and Venables, 2011;Moïsé and Sorescu, 2019). This paper presents the latest update of the International Transport and Insurance Cost (ITIC) of merchandise trade database.…”