Exploring the theranostic potentials of miRNA and epigenetic networks in autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review

Nag, Sagnik; Mitra, Oishi; Tripathi, Garima; Samanta, Souvik; Bhattacharya, Bikramjit; Chandane, Priti; Mohanto, Sourav; Sundararajan, Vino; Malik, Sumira; Rustagi, Sarvesh; Adhikari, Suraj; Mohanty, Aroop; León‐Figueroa, Darwin A.; Rodriguez‐Morales, Alfonso J.; Barboza, Joshuan J.; Sah, Ranjit

doi:10.1002/iid3.1121

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 230 publications

(440 reference statements)

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“…MiRNAs orchestrate a complex interplay by targeting the key genes involved in immune modulation, gut microbial homeostasis, epithelial barrier function, and cytokine signaling [ 76 ]. This nuanced regulatory network positions miRNAs as promising candidates not only in understanding the pathogenesis of IBD but also in unraveling their potential role in the development of resistance to therapeutic interventions [ 77 ].…”

Section: Epigenetic Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and Molecular Determinants of Biologic Drugs Resistance and Therapeutic Failure in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Puca,

Capobianco,

Coppola

et al. 2024

IJMS

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The advent of biologic drugs has revolutionized the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, increasing rates of response and mucosal healing in comparison to conventional therapies by allowing the treatment of corticosteroid-refractory cases and reducing corticosteroid-related side effects. However, biologic therapies (anti-TNFα inhibitors, anti-α4β7 integrin and anti-IL12/23) are still burdened by rates of response that hover around 40% (in biologic-naïve patients) or lower (for biologic-experienced patients). Moreover, knowledge of the mechanisms underlying drug resistance or loss of response is still scarce. Several cellular and molecular determinants are implied in therapeutic failure; genetic predispositions, in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the sequence of cytokines or Human Leukocyte Antigen, or an altered expression of cytokines and other molecules involved in the inflammation cascade, play the most important role. Accessory mechanisms include gut microbiota dysregulation. In this narrative review of the current and most recent literature, we shed light on the mentioned determinants of therapeutic failure in order to pave the way for a more personalized approach that could help avoid unnecessary treatments and toxicities.

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Section: Epigenetic Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and Molecular Determinants of Biologic Drugs Resistance and Therapeutic Failure in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Puca,

Capobianco,

Coppola

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…The diagnosis and treatment of ADs, especially of rare diseases such as SSc, are often hampered by challenges due to the complexity of the identification of initial symptoms; the poor knowledge of the disease; and the lack of rapid, accurate, and universally recognized diagnostic markers. Therefore, in recent years, growing interest has been given to the use of miRNAs as potential biomarkers or innovative therapeutic approaches [ 6 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-Induced MicroRNA Modulation and Systemic Sclerosis Disease

Soffritti,

D’Accolti,

Bini

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA sequences that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They are involved in the regulation of multiple pathways, related to both physiological and pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases, such as Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). Specifically, SSc is recognized as a complex and multifactorial disease, characterized by vascular abnormalities, immune dysfunction, and progressive fibrosis, affecting skin and internal organs. Among predisposing environmental triggers, evidence supports the roles of oxidative stress, chemical agents, and viral infections, mostly related to those sustained by beta-herpesviruses such as HCMV and HHV-6. Dysregulated levels of miRNA expression have been found in SSc patients compared to healthy controls, at both the intra- and extracellular levels, providing a sort of miRNA signature of the SSc disease. Notably, HCMV/HHV-6 viral infections were shown to modulate the miRNA profile, often superposing that observed in SSc, potentially promoting pathological pathways associated with SSc development. This review summarizes the main data regarding miRNA alterations in SSc disease, highlighting their potential as prognostic or diagnostic markers for SSc disease, and the impact of the putative SSc etiological agents on miRNA modulation.

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“…This paper focused on hydroxymethylation in the regulation of three microRNAs (miR-155-5p, miR-326 and miR-223-3p) critically involved in the regulation of inflammatory response and neuroinflammation [8]; these microRNAs have been found to be deregulated not only in autoimmune [9] but also in neurodegenerative diseases [10]. The paper of Basak et al reported an increased level of modifications of promotors for the three miRNAs, and in particular a correlation between hydroxymethylation and the level of miR-223-3p expression in lymphocytes of MS patients compared to controls.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%