Exponential response of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions to increasing nitrogen fertiliser rates in a tropical sugarcane cropping system

Takeda, Naoya; Friedl, Johannes; Rowlings, David; Rosa, Daniele De; Scheer, Clemens; Grace, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2021.107376

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The acquired significant linear relationship between the soil N 2 O emissions (between the sowing and jointing stages) and N input, which is consistent with previous studies (Bouwman, 1996;Kim et al, 2013), was adopted by IPCC (2019) to estimate the N 2 O emissions in managed agricultural soils. However, nonlinear responses of N 2 O emissions to N fertilizer could be observed when high amount of N fertilizer was applied (Takeda et al, 2021).…”

Section: N 2 O Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Split Application of Urea on Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions From a Rainfed Maize Field in Northeast China

Dong

Yang

Sun

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Split application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers during different crop growth stages to fulfill the crop N requirements reduces soil mineral N concentrations and improves the efficiency of crop N fertilizer use, and can decrease nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from the soil. However, inconsistent results regarding N2O emissions have been reported in rainfed areas. Furthermore, few long-term studies have explained the effects of split N application on soil methane (CH4) flux, thus limiting complete assessment of the effects of split N application on total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, long-term monitoring is urgently required to understand the impacts of split N application on GHG emissions in rainfed areas. In this study, a 6-year field experiment was conducted in a rainfed maize (Zea mays L.) field in Northeast China. The experiment included three treatments: no N application representing control (CK), single application at the sowing stage of maize (SU), and split N at the sowing and jointing stages at a ratio of 1: 2 (SF). Between the sowing and jointing stages, N2O emissions were significantly higher in SU than in SF. However, high N2O emissions were observed in SF for 1 month after N application at the jointing stage possibly because the time of N application coincided with optimum precipitation and soil temperature conditions, which stimulated N2O emissions. Overall, the total N2O emissions showed no significant difference between SU and SF. During the study period, split application of N fertilizer did not significantly affect the cumulative CH4 flux. Compared to CK, the yield-scaled GWP in SF treatment increased by 18.7% (p < 0.05). Ammonia (NH3) volatilization in SF was 272% higher than that in SU. The findings indicated that split N application exhibited an environmental risk by increasing the yield-scaled GWP and NH3 emissions in the field. Thus, this study suggested that single N application applied in the sowing stage should be employed in rainfed fields to mitigate the yield-scaled GWP and NH3 emissions, and maintain efficient maize yields.

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Section: N 2 O Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Split Application of Urea on Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions From a Rainfed Maize Field in Northeast China

Dong

Yang

Sun

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Excessive N fertiliser application leads to low N uptake e ciency and large N losses (Thorburn et al 2017) and substantial N 2 O emissions from sugarcane systems has been reported (Allen et al 2010; Wang et al 2016). The industry-speci c emission factor (EF) of fertiliser-induced N 2 O for sugarcane in Australia assumes 2% of applied N fertiliser lost as N 2 O (DISER 2020), yet an exponential response of N 2 O emissions to N rates has been recently reported from an intensive sugarcane system (Takeda et al 2021a). Losses of N from intensively managed sugarcane systems not only highlight agronomic ine ciencies, but also the large environmental footprint of sugarcane production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction Between Soil and Fertiliser Nitrogen (N) Drives Plant N Uptake and Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Emissions in Tropical Sugarcane Systems

Takeda

Friedl

Kirkby

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Aims: High nitrogen (N) fertiliser inputs in intensive sugarcane systems drive productivity but also significant emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. The effects of N fertiliser inputs on native soil N availability for plant N uptake as well as N2O emissions remain unknown, hindering efficient N management. This study investigated the contribution of fertiliser and soil N and their interaction to plant N uptake and N2O emissions in two intensively managed tropical sugarcane systems with different farming practices. Methods: High temporal resolution N2O measurements were combined with 15N recoveries across four N fertiliser rates, (100, 150, 200 and 250 kg N ha-1) in soil, plant and N2O emissions. Results: Cumulative N2O emissions ranged from 0.3 to 4.1 kg N ha-1, corresponding to emission factors ranging from 0.7 to 2.4%. Native soil N accounted for > 60% of cumulative N2O emissions and total plant N uptake. Fertiliser N addition increased N2O emissions from native soil N compared to the unfertilised control. These findings highlight the interaction between fertiliser and soil N, with the latter being the dominant source for N uptake and loss. Overall fertiliser 15N loss responded exponentially to N rates with 50% of applied N fertiliser permanently lost even at the recommended N rate. Conclusions: The response of soil-derived N2O emissions to N rates largely determined the magnitude of total N2O emissions, demonstrating the importance of site and soil specific interaction between soil and fertiliser N for N2O emissions.

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“…Despite a growing body of denitrification research delivering both N 2 O and N 2 data from different agroecosystems, the ratio between reactive N 2 O and N 2 remains a major uncertainty for N budgets across scales (Friedl et al, 2020a;Scheer et al, 2020). Growing evidence of non-linear responses of N 2 O emissions to N fertiliser rates (Shcherbak et al, 2014;Takeda et al, 2021a) together with increasing fertiliser 15 N loss with increasing N rates (Rowlings et al, 2022;Schwenke & Haigh, 2016;Takeda et al, 2021b) in intensive cropping systems suggests excessive N inputs promote denitrification losses and lead to inefficiency of N use and adverse environmental impacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Denitrification losses in response to N fertiliser rates - a synthesis of high temporal resolution N2O, in-situ 15N2O and 15N2 measurements and fertiliser 15N recoveries in intensive sugarcane systems

Takeda

Friedl

Kirkby

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Denitrification is a key process in the global nitrogen (N) cycle, causing both nitrous oxide (N2O) and dinitrogen (N2) emissions. However, estimates of seasonal denitrification losses (N2O+N2) are scarce, reflecting methodological difficulties in measuring soil-borne N2 emissions against the high atmospheric N2 background and challenges regarding their spatio-temporal upscaling. This study investigated N2O+N2 losses in response to N fertiliser rates (0, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg N ha-1) on two intensively managed tropical sugarcane farms in Australia, by combining automated N2O monitoring, in-situ N2 and N2O measurements using the 15N gas flux method and fertiliser 15N recoveries at harvest. Dynamic changes in the N2O/(N2O+N2) ratio (< 0.01 to 0.768) were explained by fitting generalised additive mixed models (GAMMs) with soil factors to upscale high temporal-resolution N2O data to daily N2 emissions over the season. Cumulative N2O+N2 losses ranged from 12 to 87 kg N ha-1, increasing non-linearly with increasing N fertiliser rates. Emissions of N2O+N2 accounted for 31–78% of fertiliser 15N losses and were dominated by environmentally benign N2 emissions. The contribution of denitrification to N fertiliser loss decreased with increasing N rates, suggesting increasing significance of other N loss pathways including leaching and runoff at higher N rates. This study delivers a blueprint approach to extrapolate denitrification measurements at both temporal and spatial scales, which can be applied in fertilised agroecosystems. Robust estimates of denitrification losses determined using this method will help to improve cropping system modelling approaches, advancing our understanding of the N cycle across scales.

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Exponential response of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions to increasing nitrogen fertiliser rates in a tropical sugarcane cropping system

Cited by 35 publications

References 60 publications

Effects of Split Application of Urea on Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions From a Rainfed Maize Field in Northeast China

Effects of Split Application of Urea on Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions From a Rainfed Maize Field in Northeast China

Interaction Between Soil and Fertiliser Nitrogen (N) Drives Plant N Uptake and Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Emissions in Tropical Sugarcane Systems

Denitrification losses in response to N fertiliser rates - a synthesis of high temporal resolution N2O, in-situ 15N2O and 15N2 measurements and fertiliser 15N recoveries in intensive sugarcane systems

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