Export performance of small firms from small countries: The case of New Zealand

Casey, Sarah R.; Hamilton, Robert T.

doi:10.1007/s10843-014-0126-4

Cited by 29 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…One explanation as to why Canadian entrepreneurs are more reliant on domestic customers than entrepreneurs in Finland or New Zealand could be attributed to size of the domestic market. As Casey and Hamilton (2014) found in their study of New Zealand small firms, it is the small size of the domestic market that encourages them to seek growth opportunities through international customers. In relation to financiers, on the contrary, we discovered they had similar influences on the enterprises in all three contexts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Finland and New Zealand are small open economies with less than 5.5 million inhabitants, while Canada is larger with approximately 35 million inhabitants. The successful internationalization of enterprises from small open economies is critical for their growth because of their insignificant domestic market (Casey and Hamilton 2014). While Canada and New Zealand have English as the dominant language and are culturally diverse, Finland is culturally homogenous with Finnish being the dominant language.…”

Section: Research Design and Case Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Network embeddedness in the internationalization of biotechnology entrepreneurs

Leppäaho

Chetty

Dimitratos

2017

Entrepreneurship & Regional Development

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This study investigates how entrepreneurs of biotech enterprises embed in domestic and international networks so as to internationalize. We advance a contextual framework of embeddedness of internationalizing entrepreneurs, providing a contribution (i) by synthesizing and applying existing conceptual insights from the networking literature to provide a more culturally sensitive view of getting embedded for international entrepreneurship in the biotech industry and (ii) by adding insights into the practices and (micro)processes of how and in what ways embeddedness integrates with the internationalization of biotech entrepreneurs. Our study involves six entrepreneurs from Canada, Finland, and New Zealand. Context-specific embeddedness was studied by exploring the (i) type, (ii) strength, (iii) locality, and (iv) importance of the international and national network ties among internationalizing entrepreneurs. We found differences in relation to the locality of universities and research institutes, role and type of financiers, and customer focus in internationalization. For instance, while customers were central to the embeddedness of Canadian and New Zealand entrepreneurs, Finnish entrepreneurs had no focus on their customers, but acted solely through sales channels and partners. The customer focus of New Zealand entrepreneurs was mainly international, whereas it was domestic in the case of Canadian entrepreneurs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Research Design and Case Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network embeddedness in the internationalization of biotechnology entrepreneurs

Leppäaho

Chetty

Dimitratos

2017

Entrepreneurship & Regional Development

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“…Furthermore, both countries are both small and open economies, where internationalization is essential for growth. As Casey and Hamilton (2014) found the success of small firms from small open economies such as New Zealand are crucial because these firms are propelled into foreign markets due to the small size of their domestic markets. It is through successful internationalization that these firms grow beyond what the domestic market would enable them to do.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectuation and foreign market entry of entrepreneurial firms

Chetty

Ojala

Leppäaho

2015

European Journal of Marketing

114

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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the decision-making process for entrepreneurial firms when entering foreign markets and how and why they entered those markets.Design/methodology/approach: We combine a nascent theory in entrepreneurship called effectuation with internationalization process theory as the conceptual framework to study decision-making under uncertainty. The central concept in both these theories is relationships and how they can be used to gain knowledge and thus reduce uncertainty and in the case of effectuation to co-create opportunities to enter foreign markets. The research design involves a multiple case study of software firms from Finland and New Zealand. Findings:We found that entrepreneurs differentiate between foreign market selection and foreign market entry during their internationalization process, potentially using different decision-making processes in them. They tend to interweave effectuation and causation logics as substitutes in their decision-making. Uncertainty during foreign market entry is not always a barrier because it can provide opportunities depending on the logic used. In addition, we have evidence that entrepreneurs who have existing relationships in foreign markets tend to use effectuation to select and enter foreign markets.2 Originality/value: This paper transposes effectuation from its original field of entrepreneurship research to the context of internationalizing entrepreneurial firms. Consequently, it contributes towards understanding the decision-making process for selecting and entering foreign markets.

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“…The use of efficient worldwide communications technology and transportation, the decrease in governments' protectionist policies and the decrease of geographically protected markets have made it possible, and necessary, for many firms to view their operating domains as global [22]. Moreover, small countries with constricted domestic markets depend on the success of small firms who can export successfully and grow to a scale beyond that which their home market could support [24].…”

Section: Export Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Literature on export performance is extensive, but arguably, it has not yet achieved the consensus required to prescribe exporting strategies to small firm [24]. Exporting is an early phase in the internationalisation model established by Johanson and Vahlne [25,26], grounded on the assumption that new exporters can gradually engage with foreign markets, depending their exploitation strategy on knowledge and other resources.…”

Section: Export Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance

Rua¹,

França²,

Ortiz³

2018

Entrepreneurship - Trends and Challenges

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This chapter assesses the important contribution of entrepreneurial orientation's strategic determinant that influences export performance. Based on survey data from 247 Portuguese small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), findings suggest that entrepreneurial orientation has a positive and significant influence on export performance. This study deepens our understanding and provides novel insights into entrepreneurship and strategic management literature, since it combines multiple factors and has obtained the importance of each construct in SMEs business growth. Moreover, this chapter presents further evidences of the strategies that small firm managers should pursue and policy makers should promote.

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Export performance of small firms from small countries: The case of New Zealand

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

Network embeddedness in the internationalization of biotechnology entrepreneurs

Network embeddedness in the internationalization of biotechnology entrepreneurs

Effectuation and foreign market entry of entrepreneurial firms

Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance

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