“…Although several clinical cases of consumption of, or intoxication by, MDPV have been reported [4,9,12,13,15,16,17,18,19,20,21], there are only a few fatal MDPV intoxication cases published with toxicology results [3,6,10,14,22,23]. In all of these cases, the MDPV concentration was elevated (> 80 ng/mL in whole blood).…”