Exposure Assessment for Pesticides in Epidemiological Studies

Heederik, Dick; Teschke, Kay

doi:10.1002/0470012218.ch7

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 67 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…The risk of adverse health effects associated with long-term exposure to pesticides is difficult to assess in epidemiologic studies due to various limitations that have been summarized in the literature [ 1 ]. A major challenge has been the development of reliable methods to estimate the duration and intensity of exposure to pesticides in large studies in which the direct measurement of exposure to all participants is not feasible [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. The Agricultural Health Study (AHS) is a prospective cohort study of 57,310 licensed private and commercial pesticide applicators, primarily farmers, and 32,345 spouses, designed to investigate health effects associated with pesticides and other agricultural exposures [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Updated Algorithm for Estimation of Pesticide Exposure Intensity in the Agricultural Health Study

Coble

Thomas

Hines

et al. 2011

IJERPH

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An algorithm developed to estimate pesticide exposure intensity for use in epidemiologic analyses was revised based on data from two exposure monitoring studies. In the first study, we estimated relative exposure intensity based on the results of measurements taken during the application of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (n = 88) and the insecticide chlorpyrifos (n = 17). Modifications to the algorithm weighting factors were based on geometric means (GM) of post-application urine concentrations for applicators grouped by application method and use of chemically-resistant (CR) gloves. Measurement data from a second study were also used to evaluate relative exposure levels associated with airblast as compared to hand spray application methods. Algorithm modifications included an increase in the exposure reduction factor for use of CR gloves from 40% to 60%, an increase in the application method weight for boom spray relative to in-furrow and for air blast relative to hand spray, and a decrease in the weight for mixing relative to the new weights assigned for application methods. The weighting factors for the revised algorithm now incorporate exposure measurements taken on Agricultural Health Study (AHS) participants for the application methods and personal protective equipment (PPE) commonly reported by study participants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%