Exposure Assessment on Sub-Populations of the Local Community following a Hydrofluoric Acid Accident

김순신,; 우극현,; 윤성용,; 임현술,; 김근배,; 유승도,; 조용성,; 이석용,; 이현수,; 양원호,

doi:10.5668/jehs.2015.41.1.1

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The maximum total score was 26 points. Exposure ratings were classified into four grades, the lowest being 0–25%, which was classified as extremely low exposure, 25–50% as low exposure, 50–75% as medium exposure, and 75–100% as high exposure [ 12 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological effects of a disastrous hydrogen fluoride spillage on the local community

Yoo

Yoon

Woo

et al. 2017

Ann of Occup and Environ Med

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BackgroundOn September 27, 2012, at 3:43 pm, a hydrogen fluoride spill occurred in a manufacturing plant located at the 4th complex of the Gumi National Industrial Complex in Gumi City, South Korea. The present study aimed to evaluate the psychological effects of the hydrogen fluoride spill on the members of the community and to investigate their relationships with physical symptoms and changes in psychological effects occurring as time passed after the accident.MethodsThe 1st phase involved a survey of 1359 individuals that was conducted 1 month after the spill, and the 2nd phase involved a survey of 711 individuals that was conducted 7 months after the accident. The questionnaires included items for assessing demographic characteristics, hydrogen fluoride exposure level, physical symptoms, and psychological status. Physical symptoms were assessed to determine the persistence of irritations. Psychological status was assessed to investigate the impact of event level using the Impact of Event Scale – Revised Korean version (IES-R-K), and the anxiety level was assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI).ResultsAs the hydrogen fluoride exposure level increased, the impact of event and anxiety levels increased significantly both 1 and 7 months after the accident (p < 0.05). The mean score of the impact of event levels decreased significantly from 33.33 ± 14.64 at 1 month after the accident to 28.68 ± 11.80 at 7 months after the accident (p < 0.05). The mean score of the anxiety levels increased significantly from 5.16 ± 6.59 at 1 month after the accident to 6.79 ± 8.41 at 7 months after the accident (p < 0.05). The risk of persistent physical symptoms at 7 months after the accident was significantly higher in females. The risk of persistent physical symptoms also increased significantly, with increasing age, hydrogen fluoride exposure, and impact of event levels (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe present study found that the impact of event level and anxiety level increased with increasing hydrogen fluoride exposure. Anxiety levels persisted even after time passed. The risk of persistent physical symptoms at 7 months after the accident was higher in females, and it increased with increasing age, hydrogen fluoride exposure level, and impact of event levels.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological effects of a disastrous hydrogen fluoride spillage on the local community

Yoo

Yoon

Woo

et al. 2017

Ann of Occup and Environ Med

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“…Hydrofluoric acid gas and HF aqueous solution are widely used in the industrial field, and accidents involving these substances are appearing more frequently (Ahn et al ). A study on HF gas was conducted after the HF leak accidents (Park et al ; Koh et al ; Kim and Jung ; Kim et al ). However, the number of studies on HF aqueous solutions is insufficient.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemicals are used in various forms in our everyday lives and in industry, and they can be causes of big and small accidents (Lee et al ). Some chemical leakage accidents worldwide include a dioxin leak in Seveso, Italy, in 1976 (Orford et al ), a toxic gas leak from a Bhopal pesticide plant in India in 1984 (Mishra et al ), and a hydrofluoric acid (HF) leak from the Foshan oil refinery company in the United States (US) in 1987 (Wing et al ; Kim et al ). In 2012, an HF leak accident in Gumi, South Korea, caused 5 deaths, injuries to 18 people, health problems, and crop damage in nearby areas (Lee ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use and limitations of offsite consequence analysis tools from South Korea and the United States in hydrogen fluoride accidental release

Kim

Byeon

2018

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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We investigated the characteristics and limitations in the event of hydrofluoric acid (HF) leakage by comparing and analyzing the offsite consequence analysis (OCA) tools based on the chemical plant operating conditions. We reviewed the tools Korea Offsite Risk Assessment (KORA) from South Korea and Risk Management Plan*Comp (RMP*Comp™) and Areal Location of Hazardous Atmospheres (ALOHA) from the United States. The scenario studied was based on a leak event from a 50% HF aqueous solution storage tank, and the operating conditions taken into consideration were the operating temperature and dike installation conditions. The results from the OCA differed; KORA presented a smaller range of offsite impact than did ALOHA. The offsite impact ranges of KORA and ALOHA increased as the operating temperature and dike installation area increased. However, RMP*Comp differed greatly in its offsite impact range results in the operating temperature range of 25 °C to 30 °C. Moreover, in the alternative scenario, a limitation existed in that the offsite impact range was not changed by the dike installation conditions. The offsite impact range analyzed via KORA and ALOHA reflected the reality of an HF leak accident better than that analyzed via RMP*Comp. Therefore, it is more reasonable to use KORA and ALOHA instead of RMP*Comp in OCA. Moreover, users should realize that ALOHA has a somewhat wider range of offsite impact than KORA does in OCA. The separation distance from the storage tank when installing a dike is effective between 1 and 1.5 m in consideration of securing the minimum workspace for workers. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:205-211. © 2017 SETAC.

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“…14) 따라서 과거노출을 평가하기 위해 환경노출조사에 사용된 설문지의 조사항목과 노출 알고리즘을 이용한 모델링 (modeling)을 이용하여 노출을 평가하는 것이 적합하다. 15) 피해구제 신청자들이 가장 많이 사용한 가습기살균제 성분…”

Section: 민기홍ㆍ신정현ㆍ조은경ㆍ이슬아ㆍ신지훈ㆍ김동준ㆍ우재민ㆍ최윤형ㆍ양원호unclassified

Analysis of Exposure Characteristics and Exposure Rating of Participants with Injuries from CMIT/MIT Humidifier Disinfectants

Min

Shin²,

Jo³

et al. 2023

J Environ Health Sci

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Background:The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) has identified cases of people suspected of suffering lung disease potentially caused by chloromethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT) used in humidifier disinfectants (HDs). The Korean Ministry of Environment (MoE) epidemiological investigation and toxicity test study found that HDs caused health damage such as asthma and lung disease. Objectives:The main purposes of this study were to classify the HD exposure rating and to analyze the exposure characteristics that affect exposure to CMIT/MIT HDs. Methods:The exposure characteristics and socio-demographic characteristics of victim participants using CMIT/MIT HDs were investigated through questionnaires. An inhalation no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for CMIT/MIT was produced based on inhalation toxicity values. Exposure ratings (class 1~class 2) were cross-tabulated with clinical ratings (acceptable~unacceptable). A correlation analysis was conducted with the main exposure characteristics that affect the exposure concentration of CMIT/MIT HDs. Results:The concentration in indoor air of CMIT/MIT was 8.75±25.40 μg/m 3 , and the exposure concentration was 2.30±6.29 μg/m 3 . The CMIT/MIT exposure rating of 67 participants with high exposures of not more than MOE 100 were evaluated as 14.5%, while the damage participants who matched the clinical rating made up 4.5%. The exposure concentration of CMIT/MIT showed a positive correlation with the daily usage amount and usage frequency, and a negative correlation with volume of the indoor environment. Conclusions:A new exposure rating could be suggested and calculated based on the MOE, and the factors affecting the exposure concentration could be identified.

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Exposure Assessment on Sub-Populations of the Local Community following a Hydrofluoric Acid Accident

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Psychological effects of a disastrous hydrogen fluoride spillage on the local community

Psychological effects of a disastrous hydrogen fluoride spillage on the local community

Use and limitations of offsite consequence analysis tools from South Korea and the United States in hydrogen fluoride accidental release

Analysis of Exposure Characteristics and Exposure Rating of Participants with Injuries from CMIT/MIT Humidifier Disinfectants

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