Exposure–dose–response of Anadara trapezia to metal contaminated estuarine sediments. 2. Lead spiked sediments

Assessment of a subcellular metal partitioning protocol for aquatic invertebrates: preservation, homogenization, and subcellular fractionation

“…For our study, we used a set of enzymes localized in either the cytosol (LDH), lysosomes (HEX), or mitochondria (CCO and CS) to assess the efficacy of a subcellular metal partitioning protocol applied to Chaoborus larvae. Enzyme markers have also been used for the assessment of subcellular fractionation protocols for algae (CCO and CS) (Lavoie et al 2009), bivalves (CCO) (Taylor and Maher 2012), and mammalian cells (LDH) (Seib et al 2006).…”

The freshwater bivalve Corbicula australis as a sentinel species for metal toxicity assessment: An in situ case study integrating chemical and biomarker analyses

“…The results of both studies with C. fluminea demonstrate relatively low lead accumulation relative to exposure concentrations in Corbicula. We have previously observed generally low bioavailability of sediment bound lead to bivalves in both marine [9,41] and freshwater [8] lead bioaccumulation studies. Although the tissue lead concentrations of C. australis in the present study are below the highly elevated sediment concentrations, it is important to note that any accumulation of lead is of concern, as it is a highly toxic metal with no known biological role.…”

“…There was a significant negative relationship between TAOC and the percentage of destabilized lysosomes ( Figure 4B) and a strong positive relationship between the concentrations of MDA in tissues and the occurrence of destabilized lysosomes ( Figure 4C), suggesting that an increase in ROS and lipid peroxidation contributed to the disruption of lysosomal integrity. Malondialdehyde is an excellent general effects biomarker that has been shown to be sensitive to metal exposure [9,41,46,47]. Lysosomes play an important role in the detoxification of metals and other contaminants, and their membranes can become destabilized by contaminants and lipid peroxidation byproducts of oxidative damage [48].…”

“…Although sediment lead concentrations at the location are not reported, the assumption is that there is significant influence from lead mine waste. We have previously observed generally low bioavailability of sediment bound lead to bivalves in both marine [9,41] and freshwater [8] lead bioaccumulation studies. The lead exposure sediment concentrations were 84.7 AE 14.2 mg/g, and water lead concentrations were 4.2 AE 0.1 mg/L, at base flow and 20.4 AE 0.6 mg/L, at high flow, similar to the lead concentrations at the Railway location of the Molonglo River ( Table 2).…”

“…The destabilization of lysosomal membranes also followed a pattern of increased occurrence with increased tissue metal concentration (Figures 3 and 5). Malondialdehyde is an excellent general effects biomarker that has been shown to be sensitive to metal exposure [9,41,46,47]. Malondialdehyde is an excellent general effects biomarker that has been shown to be sensitive to metal exposure [9,41,46,47].…”