Exposure levels, determinants and IgE mediated sensitization to bovine allergens among Danish farmers and non-farmers

Schlünssen, Vivi; Basinas, Ioannis; Zahradnik, Eva; Elholm, Grethe; Wouters, Inge M.; Kromhout, Hans; Heederik, Dick; Bolund, Anneli Clea; Omland, Øyvind; Raulf, Monika; Sigsgaard, Torben

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2014.12.002

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The median concentration of major bovine allergen Bos d 2 in the reservoir dust from stables was 20,400 µg/g [ 73 ], and the median concentration of cow hair allergens in dust collected with electrostatic dust fall collectors (EDC) was 51,700 µg/m² [ 74 ]. EDC measurements also indicated slightly higher levels of bovine allergens in summer (GM 45,400 µg/m²) compared to winter (GM 37,100 µg/m²) [ 75 ]. Stables housing mainly calves showed borderline lower bovine allergen levels compared with levels in main stables with lactating cows [ 75 ].…”

Section: Animal Allergens In Occupational Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EDC measurements also indicated slightly higher levels of bovine allergens in summer (GM 45,400 µg/m²) compared to winter (GM 37,100 µg/m²) [ 75 ]. Stables housing mainly calves showed borderline lower bovine allergen levels compared with levels in main stables with lactating cows [ 75 ]. In all studies, the allergen levels were highly variable (up to 200-fold) among the individual stables.…”

Section: Animal Allergens In Occupational Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the passive transport of allergens through workwear, bovine allergens are also detectable in the homes of farmers sometimes at relatively high concentrations [ 73 , 74 , 75 ], although these levels are still much lower than those measured in the stables. In homes of Bavarian cattle farmers suffering from occupational asthma or rhinitis due to bovine dander, Bos d 2 levels in mattress dust (median: 195 µg/g) and living room floor dust (median: 155 µg/g) were 100 times lower than in the cattle stables [ 73 ].…”

Section: Animal Allergens In Occupational Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In homes of Bavarian cattle farmers suffering from occupational asthma or rhinitis due to bovine dander, Bos d 2 levels in mattress dust (median: 195 µg/g) and living room floor dust (median: 155 µg/g) were 100 times lower than in the cattle stables [ 73 ]. In addition, two studies using EDC to investigate settled airborne dust reported concentrations of cow hair allergens that were 5000 times lower in the farmers’ bedrooms than in the cattle stables (median: 11.8 µg/m² [ 74 ] and GM: 8.3 µg/m² [ 75 ]). The different factors (100 vs. 5000) may be due to the difference in the dust sampling method.…”

Section: Animal Allergens In Occupational Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respiratory Allergens from Furred Mammals: Environmental and Occupational Exposure

Zahradnik

Raulf

2017

Veterinary Sciences

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Furry mammals kept as pets, farm and laboratory animals are important allergen sources. The prevalence of sensitization to furred mammals appears to be increasing worldwide. Several mammalian allergens from diverse species are well characterized with regard to their molecular structure and immunogenicity, and some are already available for component-resolved allergy diagnostics. The distribution of various mammalian allergens has been extensively studied during the past few decades. Animal allergens were found to be ubiquitous in the human environment, even in places where no animals reside, with concentrations differing considerably between locations and geographical regions. This review presents an overview of identified mammalian respiratory allergens classified according to protein families, and compiles the results of allergen exposure assessment studies conducted in different public and occupational environments.

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Section: Animal Allergens In Occupational Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animal Allergens In Occupational Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animal Allergens In Occupational Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animal Allergens In Occupational Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respiratory Allergens from Furred Mammals: Environmental and Occupational Exposure

Zahradnik

Raulf

2017

Veterinary Sciences

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“…Potential animal allergens are also being explored as possible exposure indicators. In one investigation, dusts were collected from pig, dairy, and mink farmers in Denmark and bovine allergen levels were measured to determine if exposure levels were linked with allergy in farmers and non-farmers [17]. While bovine allergen levels were high in dairy farms, sensitization to the allergen was actually low in farmers.…”

Section: Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary health effects of agriculture

Nordgren

Bailey

2016

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine

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Purpose of review Occupational exposures in the agricultural industry are associated with numerous lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, lung cancer and interstitial lung diseases. Efforts are ongoing to ascertain contributing factors to these negative respiratory outcomes and improve monitoring of environmental factors leading to disease. In this review, recently published studies investigating the deleterious effects of occupational exposures in the agricultural industry are discussed. Recent findings Occupational exposures to numerous agricultural environment aerosols, including pesticides, fungi, and bacteria are associated with impaired respiratory function and disease. Increases in certain farming practices, including mushroom and greenhouse farming, present new occupational exposure concerns. Improved detection methods may provide opportunities to better monitor safe exposure levels to known lung irritants. Summary In the agricultural industry, occupational exposures to organic and inorganic aerosols lead to increased risk for lung disease amongst workers. Increased awareness of respiratory risks and improved monitoring of agricultural environments are necessary to limit pulmonary health risks to exposed populations.

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Occupational Animal Allergy

Stave

2018

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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(1) Consistent with the hygiene hypothesis, there is new evidence that early childhood exposure to pets produces changes in the gut microbiome that likely lead to a lower risk of allergy. (2) Anaphylaxis from laboratory animal bites occurs more frequently than suggested by prior literature. (3) Animal allergens represent an occupational hazard in a wide variety of work settings ranging from fields that work with animals to public settings like schools and public transportation where allergens are brought into or are present in the workplace. Exposure to animal allergens can result in allergy, asthma, and anaphylaxis. Animal allergy has been most studied in the research laboratory setting, where exposure reduction can prevent the development of allergy. Similar prevention approaches need to be considered for other animal work environments and in all settings where animal allergens are present.

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Exposure levels, determinants and IgE mediated sensitization to bovine allergens among Danish farmers and non-farmers

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Respiratory Allergens from Furred Mammals: Environmental and Occupational Exposure

Respiratory Allergens from Furred Mammals: Environmental and Occupational Exposure

Pulmonary health effects of agriculture

Occupational Animal Allergy

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