Exposure of Adults and Children to Organophosphorus Insecticides used in Flea Collars on Pet Dogs

Chambers, Janice E.; Davis, M Keith

doi:10.1021/bk-2009-1015.ch012

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…TCVP and chlorpyrifos collars were tested for transferable residues. There was no definitive statement regarding the risk assessment [ 446 ]. The concomitant use of the pet collar containing imidacloprid/flumethrin and spot-on applications of imidacloprid/moxidectin in dogs and emodespside/praziquamtel did not affect the collars or reveal any significant dermal findings or systemic safety findings [ 447 ].…”

Section: Toxicology Of Ectoparasiticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology and Ecology of Cat Fleas and Advancements in Their Pest Management: A Review

Rust

2017

Insects

114

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The cat flea Ctenocephalides felis felis (Bouché) is the most important ectoparasite of domestic cats and dogs worldwide. It has been two decades since the last comprehensive review concerning the biology and ecology of C. f. felis and its management. Since then there have been major advances in our understanding of the diseases associated with C. f. felis and their implications for humans and their pets. Two rickettsial diseases, flea-borne spotted fever and murine typhus, have been identified in domestic animal populations and cat fleas. Cat fleas are the primary vector of Bartonella henselae (cat scratch fever) with the spread of the bacteria when flea feces are scratched in to bites or wounds. Flea allergic dermatitis (FAD) common in dogs and cats has been successfully treated and tapeworm infestations prevented with a number of new products being used to control fleas. There has been a continuous development of new products with novel chemistries that have focused on increased convenience and the control of fleas and other arthropod ectoparasites. The possibility of feral animals serving as potential reservoirs for flea infestations has taken on additional importance because of the lack of effective environmental controls in recent years. Physiological insecticide resistance in C. f. felis continues to be of concern, especially because pyrethroid resistance now appears to be more widespread. In spite of their broad use since 1994, there is little evidence that resistance has developed to many of the on-animal or oral treatments such as fipronil, imidacloprid or lufenuron. Reports of the perceived lack of performance of some of the new on-animal therapies have been attributed to compliance issues and their misuse. Consequentially, there is a continuing need for consumer awareness of products registered for cats and dogs and their safety.

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Section: Toxicology Of Ectoparasiticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology and Ecology of Cat Fleas and Advancements in Their Pest Management: A Review

Rust

2017

Insects

114

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“…[20] Transferability of chlorpyrifos was measured by rubbing the fur on the neck and back of the dogs at the application site. Chlorpyrifos was maximally transferable to cotton gloves and tee shirts worn by volunteers within 2 weeks of flea collar application.…”

Section: Results Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11,19,14] Following use of shampoos or flea collars, urinary TCPy levels in applicators or family members were well below biomarker levels expected to be associated with adverse effects or depressed levels of cholinesterases, an alternate indicator of chlorpyrifos exposure in pet product studies. [20] Our pilot studies were opportunistic and involved small numbers of participants who used products according to label directions. The results demonstrated very limited human exposure following use of this class of flea control products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chambers and colleagues [20] have studied greater rates of application on dogs under experimental conditions with respect to the transferability of insecticide as a measure of potential for human exposure. Boone et al [1] determined the amount of chlorpyrifos that could be transferred to cotton gloves following treatment of dogs in a commercial dipping facility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pilot biomonitoring of adults and children following use of chlorpyrifos shampoo and flea collars on dogs

Dyk

Chen

Mosadeghi

et al. 2010

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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Pesticide handlers and pet owners who use products such as shampoos and dips and insecticide-impregnated collars to treat and control fleas on companion animals are exposed to a variety of active ingredients. Chlorpyrifos exposures of adults and children were measured using urine biomonitoring following use of over-the-counter products on dogs. Age and gender-specific measurements of urinary 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) revealed modest elevations of biomarker excretion following shampoo/dips. Smaller TCPy increments were measured following application of impregnated dog collars. The extent of indoor activity and potential pet contact were important determinants of urine biomarker level. Children without direct pet contact excreted more TCPy following collar application. Pet collars may be a source of indoor surface contamination and human exposure. Children excreted up to 4 times more TCPy than adults when urine volumes were adjusted using age-specific creatinine excretion levels. Although chlorpyrifos is no longer used in the United States in pet care products, results of this research provide perspective on the extent of human exposure from similar pet care products. These pilot studies demonstrated that pet care products such as insecticidal shampoos and dips and impregnated collars may expose family members to low levels of insecticide relative to toxic levels of concern.

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Exposure of Adults and Children to Organophosphorus Insecticides used in Flea Collars on Pet Dogs

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

The Biology and Ecology of Cat Fleas and Advancements in Their Pest Management: A Review

The Biology and Ecology of Cat Fleas and Advancements in Their Pest Management: A Review

Pilot biomonitoring of adults and children following use of chlorpyrifos shampoo and flea collars on dogs

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