Exposure of consumers to deoxynivalenol from consumption of white bread in Hungary

Abstract

International audienceIn view of the frequent occurrence of some mycotoxins in cereals, a study was initiated to obtain information for assessing the exposure of Hungarian adult population. The consumption figures of 1360 individuals based on 3-day record questionnaire indicated that the white bread amounted to the major proportion of intake of cereal based products. Various cereal products were analysed for 16 mycotoxins by a HPLC/MS/MS multi toxin method with LOD of 16 μg/kg and LOQ of 50 μg/kg. The deoxynivalenol (DON) was most frequently detected, but no acetyl-deoxynivalenol was present in detectable concentration. The exposure of consumers was calculated with standard Monte Carlo probabilistic modelling and point estimates, taking into account the bread consumption and DON contamination in independently taken wheat flour and wheat grain samples. Over 55% of cases the DON intake was below 15% of the PMTDI of 1 μg/kg bw/day. However, in about 5-15% of cases the intake from bread consumption alone exceeded the PMTDI. The wheat grain data led to the higher percentage. The intakes estimated from both data sets were at or below the ARfD of 8 μg/kg bw/day in 99.94%-99.97% of cases

Occurrence of Types A and B Trichothecenes in Cereal Products Sold in Romanian Markets

“…Detection and quantification limits were determined using purified wheat extract and values ranged from 2 µg/kg to 45 µg/kg for LOD and from 6 µg/kg to 137 µg/kg for LOQ. These values were in good agreement with LOD and LOQ limits mentioned by other authors: values between 2-12 µg/kg for LOD and between 6-38 µg/kg for LOQ [37], from 7 µg/kg to 65 µg/kg (LOD) and from 20 µg/kg to 196 µg/kg for LOQ [38] and values of 16 µg/kg for LOD and 50 µg/kg for LOQ [39]. The recovery rates that we obtained in our experiment by using spiking concentrations of 500 µg/kg and 200 µg/kg were between 60-110% for DON and from 60% to 130% for T-2 and HT-2, in accordance with the specific requirements proposed by the European Commission regulation [40], and also in good agreement with recoveries reported previously in other studies.…”

Deoxynivalenol in food and feed: occurrence and exposure

“…These estimates were in the range of those reported in the literature for the French, German, Catalonian (Spain), Belgian and Norwegian populations (Cano-Sancho et al, 2011, Curtui et al, 2006, De Boevre et al, 2013, Sirot et al, 2013, VKM, 2013. They were below the estimates indicated for the Hungarian adult population (Ambrus et al, 2011 For each age group, the minimum and maximum relative contribution in percentage to the overall lower bound mean DON exposure determined across the surveys are indicated in Table 17. Grains and grain-based products were the main contributors to the total exposure; the type of products depending on the level of disaggregation of the food consumption reported in the consumption surveys and on the food habits across the age groups and countries.…”