Exposure of gasoline professionals to leaded gasoline in Asyut governorate

Abstract

Background: Gasoline is a complex manufactured mixture that does not exist naturally in the environment and produced from petroleum in the refining process. Gasoline discussed in this profile is automotive gasoline used as a fuel for engines in automobiles and other vehicles. Unleaded gasoline was introduced in the greater area Asyut, and 10% of the total sales of gasoline were unleaded. There were no previous studies on pollution caused by gasoline exposure in Asyut governorate in Upper Egypt, so, in this study we try to concern on the effect of air pollution from automobile exhaust on hematological and biochemical parameters of professionals. Materials and methods: Hundred and twenty samples from professionals have been collected from Asyut Governorate; they divided into four groups each group contain thirty samples. 10 milliliter of venous blood sample was withdrawn, over EDTA, from each individual, to determine the values of hematological, biochemical parameters and blood-lead level. Results and discussion: According to the present study, it was found that there was a significant increase in blood-lead level, hemoglobin levels and white blood cells count in all of the exposed groups. On the other hand, creatinine level shows significant decrease but there were a significant increase urea level and increase in some liver function's levels (ALT and AST) in all tested groups. Conclusion: The exposure to gasoline caused some toxic lesions on some parameters (hematological and biochemical). It is also observed that enzyme activity (AST, ALT) increase significantly compared with control.

Role of Transcarotid Artery Revascularization (TCAR) as a Carotid Revascularization Option

“…That is why we studied the changes of NO levels in tumor target cells after treatment using Azol at a dose level of 10 and 15 mg/kg in EAC-bearing mice. It was reported that EAC inoculation induced significant increase in the serum NO and MDA levels compared to that of the normal control group [50]. In the present study administration of Azol at a dose level of 10 mg/ kg produced significant depletion of NO level compared to that of EAC control group, while at dose and 15 mg/kg exhibited a highly significant decreased level of NO.…”

“…NO is produced from the amino acid L-Arginin in a reaction catalyzed by enzymes NOS., NO is a free radical having a short half-life and can react with superoxide anion O2−• producing peroxynitrite (ONOO-) anion, which can decompose to generate a strong oxidant such as the hydroxyl radical and can also induce sulphydryl oxidation and lipid peroxidation [49]. Peroxynitrite is cytotoxic and much more reactive than NO and O2−• and causing different chemical reactions in biological system including nitration of tyrosine residues of proteins producing lipid peroxidation, which inhibits the mitochondrial electron transport, and oxidation of biological thiol compounds [50,51]. NO may play a dual role in tumor progression, as it can act as promoter or antitumor promoter, depending upon its concentration as reported by Eijan et al, [52].…”