Exposure of students (pupils) and employees of educational institutions in the Leningrad region to natural sources of radiation. Part 1: Results of a comprehensive survey

Vasilyev, A. S.

doi:10.21514/1998-426x-2023-16-2-65-77

Radiac. gig. (2008)

2023

DOI: 10.21514/1998-426x-2023-16-2-65-77

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Exposure of students (pupils) and employees of educational institutions in the Leningrad region to natural sources of radiation. Part 1: Results of a comprehensive survey

A. S. Vasilyev

Abstract: Currently, there is no methodological support for radiation monitoring and sanitary and epidemiological assessment of radon concentration (or radon EEC) and other parameters of the radiation situation in existing operated buildings. The paper presents a review of the protocols for conducting measurements of indoor Leningrad region with previously found elevated levels of radon concentration using long-term measurements. The survey revealed that highest values of indoor radon ECC were obtained using instant mea… Show more

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Exposure of students (pupils) and employees of educational institutions in the Leningrad region to natural sources of radiation Part 2: Hygienic assessment of doses and health risks depending on methods and approaches to measuring indoor radon concentration

Vasilyev

2023

Radiac. gig. (2008)

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For many years internal exposure to radon has been the main contributor to the annual dose to the population. The paper presents results of a hygienic assessment of doses and health risks for students (pupils) and employees of several educational institutions of the Leningrad region due to exposure to radon and its progeny, and also suggests the protocol for conducting measurements of indoor radon concentration in existing operated public buildings. Individual annual effective doses to students (pupils) and employees due to exposure to radon while in the building of an educational institution calculated on the basis of the results of instant measurements of radon EEC obtained in the normal operation mode of buildings ranged from 0.1 to 3.7 mSv/year for different institutions. However, calculation on the basis of the results of long-term measurements of radon concentration resulted in the dose values up to 10 times higher (from 0.2 to 22.9 mSv/year). Moreover, calculation on the basis of the results of instant measurements of radon EEC after leaving the premises for 12 hours with closed windows and doors according to the requirements of paragraph 6.5 of MU 2.6.1.2838-11 resulted in the dose values up to 7 times higher (from 0.1 to 13.5 mSv/year). Nevertheless, these high dose values do not reflect the real exposure scenario. According to the classification established in sanitary rules and norms OSPORB 99/2010, the exposure of students (pupils) and employees of several educational institutions can be classified as “increased” (from 5 to 10 mSv/year) or as “high” (more than 10 mSv/year) depending on methods and approaches to measuring indoor radon concentration. The average individual lifetime risk of radoninduced lung cancer death (based on the results of instant measurements of radon EEC obtained in the normal operation mode of buildings) for students (pupils) and employees of surveyed educational institutions ranged from 1.6∙10–4 to 1.4∙10–3. However, the usage of the results obtained with other methods and approaches to measuring indoor radon concentration, as a rule, did not lead to a significant increase in risk value, but in some cases it led to a change in the risk level category. The results of the assessment can be used to improve the method for indoor radon concentration monitoring in existing operated public buildings in the Russian Federation, which in turn will make it possible to obtain correct values of public doses and health risks.

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Exposure of students (pupils) and employees of educational institutions in the Leningrad region to natural sources of radiation Part 2: Hygienic assessment of doses and health risks depending on methods and approaches to measuring indoor radon concentration

Vasilyev

2023

Radiac. gig. (2008)

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A review of approaches to assessment of potential radon hazard of land plots

Vasilyev,

Kononenko,

Kormanovskaya

et al. 2024

Radiac. gig. (2008)

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According to Rosstat statistics, in recent years there has been a tendency in the Russian Federation to increase the intensity of construction, while both the number of buildings put into operation and their total area are increasing. The assessment of the potential radon hazard of land plots for construction provides the possibility of timely inclusion of the necessary protective (preventive) measures against radon in the design of buildings. This is a legal requirement in cases where the density of radon flux from the ground surface within the building area exceeds the established hygienic standards (action levels). The paper presents a review of Russian and foreign approaches to assessing the potential radon hazard of land plots conducted within the framework of engineering and environmental surveys. The current regulatory requirements to radiation safety indicators of land plots for construction of residential, public and industrial buildings and facilities in the Russian Federation are analyzed. The main drawbacks of the algorithm for determining the potential radon hazard of land plots, used in the current guidelines MU 2.6.1.2398-08 approved at the federal level more than 15 years ago, are described. Critical remarks (the unsuitability of the value of density of radon flux from the ground surface for designing radon protective and mitigation (remedial) measures, lack of consideration of seasonal variations of radon flux density, etc.) accumulated over the years as a result of practical application of these guidelines are presented. Benefits and drawbacks of foreign approaches to assessing the potential radon hazard of the territory based on the results of measurements of radon concentration in soil gas, as well as the very possibility of a transition in Russian regulations from the density of radon flux from the ground surface to the radon concentration in soil gas, are analyzed. Some rational proposals of various Russian research teams on improving the algorithm for determining the potential radon hazard of land plots are considered.

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Exposure of students (pupils) and employees of educational institutions in the Leningrad region to natural sources of radiation. Part 1: Results of a comprehensive survey

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Exposure of students (pupils) and employees of educational institutions in the Leningrad region to natural sources of radiation Part 2: Hygienic assessment of doses and health risks depending on methods and approaches to measuring indoor radon concentration

Exposure of students (pupils) and employees of educational institutions in the Leningrad region to natural sources of radiation Part 2: Hygienic assessment of doses and health risks depending on methods and approaches to measuring indoor radon concentration

A review of approaches to assessment of potential radon hazard of land plots

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