Exposure of the Flemish population to brominated flame retardants: Model and risk assessment

Roosens, Laurence; Cornelis, Christa; D’Hollander, Wendy; Bervoets, Lieven; Reynders, Hans; Campenhout, Karen Van; Heuvel, Rosette Van Den; Neels, Hugo; Covaci, Adrian

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2010.02.005

Cited by 70 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The estimated intake of PBDEs attributed to residential-dust exposure has varied widely within and between regions, but estimates from North America (Jones-Otazo et al, 2005;Stapleton et al, 2005;Wilford et al, 2005;Lorber, 2008;Harrad et al, 2008b;Johnson-Restrepo and Kannan, 2009;Wei et al, 2009) and Asia (Tan et al, 2007b;Wang et al, 2010) are generally higher than estimates from Europe (Fromme et al, 2009;Cunha et al, 2010;Dirtu and Covaci, 2010;D'Hollander et al, 2010;Harrad et al, 2006Harrad et al, , 2008bHarrad et al, , 2010bRoosens et al, 2009Roosens et al, , 2010b.…”

Section: Importance Of Residential Dust As a Source Of Pbde Exposurementioning

confidence: 90%

“…For the most part, the findings from these studies were qualitatively similar to those in Table 2, as studies from the United States (Sharp and Lunder, 2004;Wenning et al, 2006;Stapleton et al, 2010) found relatively high concentrations of the sum of PBDEs (average of the sum of 13 PBDEs ¼ 4629 ng/g, median of the sum of 17 PBDEs ¼ 11,900 ng/g, and geometric mean of the sum of 39 PBDEs ¼ 10,050 ng/g, respectively) compared with Residential-dust contaminantsstudies from Belgium (Fabrellas et al, 2005;Roosens et al, 2010b) (median of the sum of 22 PBDEs ¼ 125 ng/g and median of the sum of 5 PBDEs ¼ 29 ng/g, respectively), the Czech Republic (Kalachova et al, 2009) (range of the sum of 16 PBDEs: 81-3828 ng/g), Italy (Fabrellas et al, 2005) (median of the sum of 22 PBDEs ¼ 286 ng/g), Portugal (Fabrellas et al, 2005) (median of the sum of 22 PBDEs ¼ 91 ng/g), Romania (Dirtu and Covaci, 2010) (median of the sum of 8 PBDEs ¼ 495 ng/g), Spain (Fabrellas et al, 2005) (median of the sum of 22 PBDEs ¼ 98 ng/g), Sweden (de Wit et al, 2008;Bjorklund et al, 2010) (median sum of 10 PBDEs ¼ 510 ng/g in houses and median sum of 16 PBDEsB400 ng/g in household vacuum cleaner dust), and Vietnam (Tue et al, 2009) (median of the sum of 14 PBDEs ¼ 220 ng/g).…”

Section: Global Patterns In Pbde Levels Measured In Residential Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimating exposures to indoor contaminants using residential dust

Whitehead

Metayer

Buffler

et al. 2011

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Residential dust has been used as a medium for assessing human exposures to a constellation of indoor contaminants including radionuclides, persistent organic pollutants, metals, allergens, and tobacco smoke. Here, we review and comment on investigations of household dust levels of particular analytes of health significance, namely polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In doing so, we not only describe methods for collecting and analyzing residential dust, but also describe global patterns in dust levels. Aside from geographic location, we discuss several potential determinants for dust levels of these contaminants. We also review previous estimates of the contribution of dust to overall intake of these three chemical classes and show how residential-dust measurements could be useful in either augmenting or replacing questionnaire-based assessment of human exposures in epidemiological studies. We conclude our review with a discussion of the current gaps in knowledge of worldwide dust levels and suggestions for how residential-dust measurements could be used to describe human exposures to chemicals in developing countries.

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Section: Importance Of Residential Dust As a Source Of Pbde Exposurementioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Global Patterns In Pbde Levels Measured In Residential Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating exposures to indoor contaminants using residential dust

Whitehead

Metayer

Buffler

et al. 2011

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…per day. The same authors assessed the human exposure to HBCDDs (sum of α-, β-and γ-HBCDD) through dust, soil, air and food, including human milk for the Flemish population in Belgium (Roosens et al, 2010b). Food samples analysed were grow and produced in Flanders, and these data were complemented with literature values.…”

Section: Previously Reported Data On Dietary Hbcdd Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors estimated that the contribution via ingestion of car dust to the overall daily exposure to total HBCDD was around 2 % for adults and around 6 % for toddlers. Roosens et al (2010b) calculated, based on analyses of dust from 43 homes and 10 offices in Belgium, the average daily intake of HBCDDs through dust to be 0.67 and 0.053 ng/kg b.w. for children (<1 year) and adults, respectively.…”

Section: Non-dietary Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) in Food

Alexander¹,

Benford²,

Boobis³

et al. 2011

EFS2

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EFSA was asked by the European Commission to deliver a scientific opinion on hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) in food. HBCDDs are additive flame retardants primarily used in expanded and extruded polystyrene applied as construction and packing materials, and in textiles. Technical HBCDD predominantly consists of three stereoisomers (α-, β-and γ-HBCDD). Also δ-and ε-HBCDD may be present but at very low concentrations. HBCDDs are present in the environment and likewise in biota and in food and feed. Data from the analysis of HBCDDs in 1,914 food samples were provided to EFSA by seven European countries, covering the period from 2000 to 2010. The Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel) selected α-, β-and γ-HBCDD to be of primary interest. Since all toxicity studies were carried out with technical HBCDD, a risk assessment of individual stereoisomers was not possible. Main targets were the liver, thyroid hormone homeostasis and the reproductive, nervous and immune systems. HBCDDs are not genotoxic. The CONTAM Panel identified neurodevelopmental effects on behaviour as the critical endpoint, and derived a benchmark dose lower confidence limit for a benchmark response of 10 % (BMDL 10 ) of 0.79 mg/kg body weight. Due to the limitations and uncertainties in the current data base, the CONTAM Panel concluded that it was inappropriate to use this BMDL to establish a health based guidance value, and instead used a margin of exposure (MOE) approach for the health risk assessment of HBCDDs. Since elimination characteristics of HBCDDs in animals and humans differ, the Panel used the body burden as starting point for the MOE approach. The CONTAM Panel concluded that current dietary exposure to HBCDDs in the European Union does not raise a health concern. Also additional exposure, particularly of young children, to HBCDDs from house dust is unlikely to raise a health concern. 4 The term "intra-individual" has been replaced by "individual" in the Summary and in Chapter 9.1. HBCDDs in FoodEFSA Journal 2011;9(7):2296 2 KEY WORDSHexabromocyclododecanes, HBCDDs, occurrence, food, toxicology, human exposure, risk assessment SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) in food. HBCDDs are stereoisomers of 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane. Technical HBCDD predominantly consists of three stereoisomers (α-, β-and γ-HBCDD) present in relative amounts of 9-13 % α-HBCDD, <0.5-12 % β-HBCDD and 72-90 % γ-HBCDD. Also δ-and ε-HBCDD may be present in the technical product, although at very low concentrations. The HBCDD stereoisomers occur as enantiomer pairs.HBCDDs constitute an important and widely used group of additive flame retardants primarily used in expanded and extruded polystyrene applied as construction and packing materials, and also used in textiles. Concentrations in products are usually in the range between 0.7 % and 3.0 % by weight. As they are mixed into po...

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“…Der erhöhte Anteil von alpha-HBCDD wird von einigen Autoren auf Unterschiede im Metabolismus zurückgeführt [52] oder auf physikochemische Eigenschaften wie z. B. eine höhere Wasserlöslichkeit [53]. Wahrscheinlicher scheint jedoch die Tatsache zu sein, dass in Produkten das alpha-Isomer dominiert und so zu einer erhöhten Exposition führt (siehe Diskussion oben).…”

Section: Vorkommen In Der Muttermilchunclassified

Stoffmonographie für 1,2,5,6,9,10-Hexabromcyclododecan (HBCDD) - HBM-Werte für HBCDD im Fettanteil der Muttermilch oder des Blutplasmas

2015

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

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Exposure of the Flemish population to brominated flame retardants: Model and risk assessment

Cited by 70 publications

References 39 publications

Estimating exposures to indoor contaminants using residential dust

Estimating exposures to indoor contaminants using residential dust

Scientific Opinion on Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) in Food

Stoffmonographie für 1,2,5,6,9,10-Hexabromcyclododecan (HBCDD) - HBM-Werte für HBCDD im Fettanteil der Muttermilch oder des Blutplasmas

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