In a previous editorial [1], I emphasized the Ewha Medical Journal' s gender equity policy. In this issue, Dr. Na-Young Kim, a gastroenterologist at Seoul National University, curated a special section on the topic of sex differences in medicine. She assembled one original and five review articles. Among these, "Health of Korean sexual and gender minorities: a narrative review of quantitative studies" by So et al. [2] is an outstanding article that provides a comprehensive overview of the health of LGBTQIA+ individuals, covering a range of identities, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, intersex, asexual, and other diverse groups. This article is unprecedented in the Korean medical literature. Individuals who belong to sexual and gender minorities in Korea face significant mental health challenges. The review highlights their high rates of depression and anxiety, as well as elevated prevalence rates of suicidal thoughts, planning, and attempts. Furthermore, these individuals report a lower perceived health-related quality of life than the general population. Sexual minorities who experience discrimination or are pressured to change their sexual orientation or gender identity are at an even higher risk of mental health issues.The study by Choi et al. suggests that sex differences exist in the impact of obesity on the development of gastric cancer, with a positive association between excess body weight and an increased risk of gastric cancer in Koreans, particularly in highly obese men [3].This issue of the journal contains reviews on various topics, including sex differences in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, sex differences in coronary atherogenesis, research on sex differences in neuroscience, and sex bias in autism spectrum disorder using preclinical rodent models. All these topics concerning sex differences in medicine are expected to engage both Korean and international readers.Regarding diversity, equity, and inclusiveness in the target population of medical research, sexual and gender minorities often receive primary attention. Other groups in Korea, such as immigrants, disabled persons, and prisoners, also merit consideration. I plan to continue addressing issues concerning these groups in Ewha Medical Journal.
Deep learning and generative artificial intelligence platformThe article by Choi et al. [4] on the accurate prediction of pediatric bone age using deep learning demonstrated that "the deep learning-based Korean model exhibited higher bone age