Exposure to and use of mobile devices in children aged 1–60 months

Kılıç, Ahmet Osman; Sarı, Eyüp; Yücel, Hüsniye; Oğuz, Melahat Melek; Polat, Emine; Açoğlu, Esma Altınel; Şenel, Saliha

doi:10.1007/s00431-018-3284-x

Cited by 79 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In line with previous literature data, we also found that parents using DD as peacekeeper for their children while they are engaged in other activities [ 34 , 35 ]; in both groups the main reasons why parents allowed their children to use DD were to entertain (42%), to calm the child (36%), during meal time (37%), or before the child went to sleep (9%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Digital Devices Use and Language Skills in Children between 8 and 36 Month

et al. 2020

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Background: Over the past decade, the use of digital tools has grown and research evidence suggests that traditional media and new media offer both benefits and health risks for young children. The abilities to understand and use language represent two of the most important competencies developed during the first 3 years of life through the interaction of the child with people, objects, events, and other environmental factors. The main goal of our study is to evaluate the relationship between digital devices use and language abilities in children between 8 and 36 month, also considering the influence of several factors. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study on digital devices use and language abilities in260 children (140 males = 54%) aged between 8 and 36 months (mean = 23.5 ± 7.18 months). All the parents completed a self-report questionnaire investigating the use of digital devices by their children, and a standardized questionnaire for the assessment of language skills (MacArthur-Bates). Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relation between different variables. Subsequent moderation analysis were performed to verify the influence of other factors. Results: We found a statistically significant negative relation between the total daily time of exposure to digital devices and the Actions and Gestures Quotient (ß = −0.397) in children between 8 and 17 months, and between the total daily time of exposure to digital devices and Lexical Quotient (ß = −0.224) in children between 18 and 36 months. Gender, level of education/job of parents, modality of use/content of digital device did not significantly affect the result of the regression analysis. Conclusion: In our study we found that a longer time of exposure to digital devices was related to lower mimic-gestural skills in children from 8–17 months and to lower language skills in children between 18 and 36 months, regardless of age, gender, socio-economic status, content, and modality of use. Further studies are needed to confirm and better understand this relation, but parents and pediatricians are advised to limit the use of digital devices by children and encourage the social interaction to support the learning of language and communication skills in this age group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Digital Devices Use and Language Skills in Children between 8 and 36 Month

et al. 2020

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“…Consequently, the use of the tablet PC has increased dramatically from 52% in 2011 to 75% in 2013 among young children 21. Moreover, the most popular device in the USA has been seen to be the tablet PC, owned by two-thirds of all children aged 4 5. The proportion of tablet PC ownership in Germany doubled between 2012 and 2013.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contrary to our results, the frequency in use of media devices is increasing among children in the USA, Argentina, and France. The frequency of tablet PC use was 20% in 2013 and 36.2% in 2015 in the USA 5. However, based on a study of 450 children aged 5–40 months from France, frequency of screen use is not likely to relate to age in any straightforward way 23.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerns have been raised about associations between exposure to media devices and interference in caregiver-child relationship as well as the well-being of children. In fact, it has been reported that excessive screen use is related to impulse control, executive functioning, flexible thinking, and emotional regulation 5. Emotional and behavioral problems like anxiety, depression and somatization were associated with mobile device overuse in elementary school children 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in Digital Media Use in Korean Preschool Children

et al. 2019

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BackgroundChildren today are exposed to various media devices, and their usage of these is increasing. Prior studies have outlined forms of harm this can potentially cause. However, there has been little empirical research on the use of media devices among preschool children in Asia. The aim of this study was to examine and analyze longitudinal trends in media device use among Korean preschool children, focusing on the frequency of engagement, time spent with, and ownership of media devices, delineated by sex.MethodsFour hundred parents of children aged 2–5 years were invited to enroll. The baseline assessment, Wave 1, was conducted between December 2015 and June 2016, and follow-up assessments, Wave 2 and Wave 3, were conducted annually for the following 2 years. Time of media use, frequency of media use, and ownership of media devices (TV, tablet PCs, and smartphones) were investigated.ResultsOwnership of tablet PCs increased significantly between Wave 1 and Wave 3 for boys and girls (corrected P < 0.001). Frequency of media use increased significantly between Wave 1 and Wave 3 only in boys' use of tablet PCs (mean difference 0.8 day/wk). Time of media use increased significantly between Wave 1 and Wave 3 for both sexes in all devices, measured by mean difference on weekdays and weekends (TV by 0.6 and 0.7 hr/day, tablet PCs by 0.6 and 0.8 hr/day, and smartphones by 0.4 and 0.4 hr/day). Children spent more time using media devices during weekends than on weekdays.ConclusionThis study observed an increase in the tendency of media device use among preschool children in Korea. The patterns of use indicate that paying attention to the types of devices children use is needed, as well as vigilance on weekends.

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“…Whether there is any relationship between screen exposure in early life and astigmatism amongst preschoolers is unknown, as is whether any effect is dose and/or age dependent. Due to the increased use of small hand held mobile devices [13], understanding the implications of exposure to both fixed and hand held devices is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screen Exposure during Early Life and the Increased Risk of Astigmatism among Preschool Children: Findings from Longhua Child Cohort Study

Yang

Schmid

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Screen media usage has become increasingly prevalent in daily life with children being exposed to screens at an early age. This is a growing public health concern with evidence linking screen exposure to detrimental health outcomes, whereas relationship between screen exposure and the presence of astigmatism among preschoolers remains unknown, thus we aimed to resolve this issue. During the 2017 survey of the Longhua Child Cohort Study, data of 29,595 preschoolers were collected via a caregiver-reported questionnaire regarding socio-demographics, screen exposure and refraction. Cox regression models were adopted to generate adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to estimate the association between early screen exposure and astigmatism. 28,029 preschoolers were included in the final analysis. After adjustment for potential confounders, screen exposure during early life was significantly associated with the increased risk of astigmatism (APR and 95% CI: 2.25, 1.76–2.88), and the greatest risk was observed in the period from birth to 1-year (APR and 95% CI: 3.10, 2.41–3.98). The risk of astigmatism increased with both the total years of exposure and the average daily duration of screen exposure. Our findings suggested that preschoolers who were exposed to screens during early life might have an increased risk of astigmatism.

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Exposure to and use of mobile devices in children aged 1–60 months

Cited by 79 publications

References 18 publications

Digital Devices Use and Language Skills in Children between 8 and 36 Month

Digital Devices Use and Language Skills in Children between 8 and 36 Month

Trends in Digital Media Use in Korean Preschool Children

Screen Exposure during Early Life and the Increased Risk of Astigmatism among Preschool Children: Findings from Longhua Child Cohort Study

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